Leukemia

Question 1

is the distorted and uncontrolled proliferation of WBCs

Answer 1

Leukemia

Question 2

It is the most frequently occurring type of cancer in children

Answer 2

Leukemia

Question 3

accounts for 75% of leukemias

Answer 3

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)

Question 4

The highest incidence of Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) is in children between

Answer 4

2 and 6 years of age

Question 5

the incidence of ALL is slightly higher in what sex

Answer 5

males

Question 6

Fist symptoms of ALL in children usually are those?

Answer 6

associated with decreased RBC production (Anemia) such as
*pallor
*low grade fever
*lethargy

Question 7

A low thrombocyte (platelet) count will lead to

Answer 7

petechiae and bleeding from oral mucous membranes

Question 8

As the spleen and liver begin to enlarge from infiltration of abnormal cells, what does occur?

Answer 8

abdominal pain, vomiting, and anorexia occurs

Question 9

As abnormal lymphocytes invade the bone periosteum

Answer 9

the child experiences bone and joint pain

Question 10

Overproduction of WBCs can also lead to

Answer 10

prolonged fevers that do not respond as expected to antipyretic medications

Question 11

CNS invasion leads to symptoms such as

Answer 11

headache and unsteady gait

Question 12

A _________ may show evidence of blast cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Answer 12

lumbar puncture

Question 13

A ________ will be prescribed to identify the type of WBC involved which determines the type of leukemia

Answer 13

Bone marrow aspiration

Question 14

where is Bone Marrow Aspiration done

Answer 14

performed at the iliac crest

Question 15

may be required to achieve long-term survival

Answer 15

bone marrow transplantation or immunotherapy

Question 16

Chemotherapy in children is often administered by means of

Answer 16

a central venous catheter or port

Question 17

4 phases of cure in ALL

Answer 17

*induction phase
*sanctuary or consolidation phase
*administering delayed intensive therapy
*maintenance phase

Question 18

achieving a complete remission or absence of leukemia cells

Answer 18

Induction phase

Question 19

preventing leukemia cells from invading or growing in the CNS

Answer 19

sanctuary or consolidation phase

Question 20

Third phase for ALL

Answer 20

administering delayed intensive therapy

Question 21

maintaining the original remission

Answer 21

maintenance phase

Question 22

is instituted to eradicate this source of leukemic cells

Answer 22

Intrathecal administration (injection of methotrexate into the CSF by lumbar puncture)

Question 23

standard chemotherapy may be continued for

Answer 23

2 to 3 years

Question 24

involves the overproliferation of granulocyetes

Answer 24

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Question 25

Granulocytes

Answer 25

neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils

Question 26

as with ALL, the overproliferation of granulocyes limits

Answer 26

the production of RBCs and platelets

Question 27

Diagnosis of AML is established by

Answer 27

bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

Question 28

makes up the medication regimen commonly used for AME therapy

Answer 28

*cytarabine (Ara-C)
*etoposide (VePesid)
*daunorubicin (DaunoXome)