Asthma Flashcards
is a severe and prolonged asthma attack that is not responsive to asthma therapy
Status Asthmaticus
Status Asthmaticus requires
hospital evaluation and close cardiopulmonary monitoring
is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the respiratory tract and is the most common chronic illness in children
Asthma
Typically asthma presents before what year of age
before 5 years of age
When an allergen invades, mast cells release
histamine and leukotrienes that result in diffuse obstructive and restrictive changes in the airway
Primary irritant of asthma
environmental tobacco smoke
common indoor allergens
mice and cockroaches
common out irritants
pollens, grasses, and pollution
is a common trigger for asthma exacerbations in children
viral respiratory illnesses
the word asthma is derived from the greek word for
“panting”
an asthma episode typically begins with
a dry cough
is heard primarily upon expiration
wheezing
air-filled lungs are ________ to percussion
hyperresonant
During an asthma attack, the ________ is longer than the _________
Expiration phase; Inspiration phase
the primary goal in asthma management is
the prevention of airway inflammation
Diagnosis and management of asthma involves four components:
*measure of asthma assessment and monitoring
*education for home self-management
*control of environmental factors that contribute to the symptoms
*pharmacologic therapy
A child with mild intermittent asthma may be prescribed with
an inhaled short-acting beta-agonist such as albuterol
Children with severe symptoms will need
an inhaled corticosteroid to take daily
may be used for children with more severe asthma
medications such as inhaled long-acting beta-agonists, immunomodulators, and mast cell stabilizers
may be prescribed during an acute exacerbation
short courses (generally 2 to 5 days) of an oral corticosteroid
a child in status asthmaticus has
failed to respond to first-line therapies
are necessary to reduces symptoms of status asthmaticus patient
*continuous nebulization with an inhaled beta2 agonists and IV corticosteroid
