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Maternal Child And Health Nursing > Poisoning > Flashcards

Poisoning Flashcards

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1
Q

The most commonly ingested medications in poisoning are

A

*opioids
*benzodiazepines
*acetaminophen
*ibuprofen
*diphenhydramine

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2
Q

In the emergency department, the best method to deactivate a swallowed poison is

A

administration of activated charcoal, either orally or by NG tube.

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3
Q

is supplied as a fine black powder that is mixed with water for administration

A

Activated Charcoal

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4
Q

is an over-the-counter medication used for fevers that is frequently involved in childhood poisoning.

A

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

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5
Q

Acetaminophen poisoning symptoms:

A

Develops the following:
*anorexia
*Nausea
*vomiting

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6
Q

liver may feel tender on palpation as

A

liver toxicity occurs

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7
Q

A mucolytic agent and the specific antidote for acetaminophen poisoning

A

Activated Charcoal or acetylcysteine

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8
Q

prevents hepatotoxicity by binding with the breakdown product of acetaminophen so that it will not bind to liver cells.

A

Acetylcysteine

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9
Q

If the child is admitted to an observation unit due to Acetaminophen poisoning,what to do?

A

*continue to observe for jaundice, tenderness over the liver
*assess ALT and AST levels

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10
Q

ingestion of a strong alkali

A

caustic poisoning

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11
Q

component in toilet bowl cleaners or hair care produces

A

“lye”

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12
Q

After a caustic ingestion, the child has immediate

A

pain in the mouth and throat and drools saliva

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13
Q

This can occur as quickly as 20 minutes after a burn due to caustic poisoning

A

Pharyngeal Edema

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14
Q

What analgesic is given for caustic poisoning

A

IV Morphine

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15
Q

may be ordered to determine whether the aspirated poison has caused an esophageal perforation

A

Chest X-ray

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16
Q

For caustic poisoning, _______ is done to assess the lungs and esophagus

A

A laryngoscopy and Esophagoscopy under conscious sedation

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17
Q

may be necessary to provide a patent airway

A

Intubation or tracheostomy

18
Q

was once a mainstay of therapy to reduce esophageal stricture

A

the use of corticosteroid such as Dexamethasone (Decadron)

19
Q

is corrosive to the gastric mucosa and leads to signs and symptoms of gastric irritation in the child

A

large amounts of Iron

20
Q

The immediate effects of Iron poisoning

A

include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.

21
Q

Long-term effects of Iron poisoning

A

includes gastric scarring from fibrotic tissue formation.

22
Q

is performed to remove pills not yet absorbed

A

Stomach Lavage

23
Q

may be given to help the child pass enteric-coated iron pills before they can be activated

A

Cathartic

24
Q

can help decrease gastric irritation for Iron poisoning

A

Soothing compound such as Maalox or Mylanta (aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide) or a proton pump inhibitor

25
Q

If a child has ingested a potentially toxic dose of iron, a ________ can be used to remove excess iron from the body

A

exchanged transfusion

26
Q

administrating this can be effective as this combines with iron and permits excretion from the body in the urine

A

IV or IM deferoxamine

27
Q

Deferoxamine cause urine to turn to

A

color orange

28
Q

When lead enters the body, what will it do?

A

it interferes with red blood cell functioning

29
Q

plumbism

A

Lead poisoning

30
Q

the most serious effect of toxic lead content

A

lead encephalitis or inflammation of brain cells

31
Q

children in lower socioeconomic households built before ____ are at greater risk of lead poisoning

A

1978

32
Q

lead poisoning is said to be present when the child has serum levels greater than

A

5ug/dL

33
Q

ingestion of lead and chronically elevated lead levels can be identified through

A

radiology of the intestinal tract and long bones

34
Q

the usual sources of ingested lead are

A

*lead-based paint
*lead-contaminated dust

35
Q

lead was banned from paint in _____

A

1978

36
Q

remove the lead from soft tissues and bones

A

Chelating agent

37
Q

children with lead levels greater than 10 to 20 ug/100 mL will be prescribed with

A

oral chelating agent such as Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) or succimer

38
Q

Children with blood levels of greater than 45 ug/100 mL are treated with

A

stronger chelation therapy such as dimercaprol or edetate calcium disodium

39
Q

IM injection of edetate calcium disodium (CaEDTA) is painful and should be combined with

A

0.5 mL of procaine for administration

40
Q

CaEDTA is so effective that has a side effect of

A

removing calcium from the body

41
Q

______ has the advantage over CaEDTA of being able to remove lead from red blood cells as well as other tissues

A

Dimercaprol (BAL)

Maternal Child And Health Nursing (46 decks)

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