Sensory tracts dysfunction

Question 1

Dorsal colum-medial lemniscus pathway (ipsilateral)

Answer 1

Tactile discrimination, vibration, concious proprioception

Question 2

Ventral spinothalamic tract (contralateral)

Answer 2

Light touch

Question 3

Lateral spinothalamic tract (contralateral)

Answer 3

Itch, pain, temperture

Question 4

Dorsal spinoerebellar tract (ipsilateral)

Answer 4

Unconcious proprioceptive

coordination of posture

Question 5

Ventral spinoerebellar tract (contralateral)

Answer 5

Unconcious proprioceptive,

coordination of posture

Question 6

Name 3 other Sensory tracts dysfunctions

Answer 6

• Loss of ipsilateral sensory and proprioception below the lesion if which is within the spinal cord
• Loss of contralateral sensory and proprioception if lesion is above brain stem

-Romberg sign (+) could infer the loss of proprioception

Romberg Sign: is present when a patient is able to stand with feet together and eyes open, but sways or falls with eyes closed

Question 7

Sensory tracts dysfunction – each tracts are composed of?

Answer 7

3 neurons

Question 8

Spinothalamic tract

is responsible for ?

Answer 8

• Pain
• Temperature

Question 9

Spinothalamic tract Pathway:

Answer 9

• 1st: peripheral nerve; body in spinal ganglion (outside CNS); synapse in posterior horn
• 2nd: - fibres cross to lateral funiculus and form spinothalamic pathway
• reaches spinal lemniscus(posterior part of brain) in brainstem, synapse in thalamus
• 3rd: goes to sensory cortex in parietal lobe
• lesion within and above spinal cord(after fibres cross!) –> contralateral loss
• *if hemiparesis and hemianaesthesia are on the same side – look for lesion in opposite hemisphere!

Question 10

Define hemiparesis

Answer 10

Hemiparesis, or unilateral paresis, is weakness of one entire side of the body (hemi- means “half”)

Question 11

Define Hemiplegia

Answer 11

Hemiplegia

most severe form, complete paralysis of half of the body.

Question 12

Define hemianaesthesia

Answer 12

loss of sensation in either lateral half of the body

Question 13

Dorsal/Posterior column is responsible for ?

Answer 13

• Proprioception
• Vibration

Question 14

Dorsal/Posterior column Pathway

Answer 14

Proprioception, Vibration - pathway similar to spinothalamic tract

• 1st: - reaches posterior funiculus; *no crossing nor synapse
• reaches brainstem and synapses in nucleus cuneatus and nucleus gracilis
• 2nd: forms medial lemniscus in brainstem and crosses, synapses in thalamus
• 3rd: goes to parietal cortex
• Romberg sign = ↑loss of balance when eyes are closed
• lesion above brainstem (after fibres cross!) –> contralateral loss

Question 15

• Spinal thalamic tract pathway*
• define:*

Answer 15

Is a pathway which conveys the sensation of pain, crude touch and temperature.

divides in 2 tracts:

Anterior -> crude touch (protopathic) (decussation in brainstem)

Lateral -> pain and temperature (decussation immediately)

Question 16

Spinal thalamic tract pathway

_{<em>What happens to Pt’s with sensory track disfunction? </em>}

Answer 16

_{disfunction of this tract the patient presents with a loss of these feelings}, _{but it’s important to consider the symmetry of this loss.}

if a lesion occurs in the brainstem or higher, the symptoms occur contralateral to the lesion.

In case of a spinal cord hemisection, the _loss of the crude touch and motility is ipsilateral to the lesion_, while the _loss of pain and temperature sensations is contralateral to the lesion_. This specific condition is known as the Brown-Sequard syndrome.