SCI

Question 1

what level does SC end at

Answer 1

L1

Question 2

What level is Conus medularis

Answer 2

L1

Question 3

vertebral level vs spinal level

Answer 3

vertebral: level of vertebra on spine
spinal: level where that cord is

Question 4

where will cauda equina injury be

Answer 4

BELOW L1
at L1 is conus medularis

Question 5

posterior cord syndrome

Answer 5

DCML is affected
iatrogenic cause - medical error: ex back surgery and surgeon effed up
usually bilat but occasional uinilat
ALS and CST are spared

Question 6

anterior cord syndrome

Answer 6

hyperflexion injury
bilateral
CST and STT are affected
DCML is spared

Question 7

central cord syndrome

Answer 7

hyperextension injury
small lesion - CST because crosses in center
larger lesion - MUD-E
motor>sensory, UE, distal, extension
best walking prognosis

Question 8

Brown sequard syndrome

Answer 8

aka hemi-cord syndrome
gunshot wound or stab
ipsilateral DCML and CST involvement BELOW injury level
contralateral ALS involvement AT and BELOW

Question 9

cauda equina
location
sensory
motor
type

Answer 9

location: unilateral and assymetrical of legs, thighs, perineum, back
sensory: saddle anesthesia, and unilateral, asymmetrical
motor: asymmetric
type: LMN

Question 10

conus medularis
location
sensory
motor
type

Answer 10

location: thigh, perineum
sensory: saddle anesthesia, bilateral, symmetrical
motor: symmetric
type: UMN and LMN

Question 11

sensory level SCI

Answer 11

most caudal level that has normal sensory function: both 2/2 and only 2’s above
2/2=intact
1/2=feels different
0/2= no sensation

Question 12

motor level SCI

Answer 12

most caudal level on BOTH sides of body with a 3 and only 5’s above

Question 13

neurological/functional level SCI

Answer 13

most caudal segment of SC with normal sensory and motor function on BOTH sides of body

Question 14

ASIA A

Answer 14

Complete
No sensory or motor function at S4,S5

Question 15

ASIA B

Answer 15

Incomplete
Sensory at S4,S5
NO motor

Question 16

ASIA C

Answer 16

incomplete
LESS THAN HALF below NLI have ≥3/5

Question 17

ASIA D

Answer 17

incomplete
AT LEAST HALF below NLI have ≥3/5

Question 18

ASIA E

Answer 18

Normal
motor and sensory function is NORMAL

Question 19

complications with SCI and PT interventions

Answer 19

cardiac: orthostatic hypotension, autonomic dysreflecia
pulmonary: respiratory dysfunction
GU: urinary and bowel retention (can also have incontinence)
integumentary: pressure ulcers
MSK: contracture, weakness, tone

Question 20

autonomic dysreflexia/hyperreflexia

Answer 20

At or above T6
Due to noxious stim below NLI
diagnostic: SBP raises 20-30mmHg
more common in chronic stage (3-6 months after injury)
more common with complete SCI

Question 21

bowel/bladder signs of AD

Answer 21

increased SBP: 20-30mmHg

Question 22

painful stim below level of lesion signs of AD

Answer 22

decreased HR

Question 23

GI irritation signs of AD

Answer 23

severe headache, anxiety

Question 24

sexual activity signs of AD

Answer 24

blurry vision, constricted pupils

Question 25

labor signs of AD

Answer 25

piloerection above level of lesion, flushing

Question 26

fracture below level of lesion signs of AD

Answer 26

dry pale skin below lesion, increased spasticity

Question 27

interventions for autonomic dysreflexia

Answer 27

sit up and lower legs remove painful stimuli check bladder distension remove abdominal binder (raises BP) monitir vitals and get nurse - can lower BP with meds

Question 28

spastic bladder

Answer 28

- aka reflexive bladder - UMN - above L2 lesion - common for urge - intermittent catheterization every 3-6hrs - suprapubic tapping

Question 29

flaccid bladder

Answer 29

- LMN - at L2 or below - aka areflexive bladder - intermittent catheteization every 3-6 hrs - valsalva or crede's maneuver (pressure on abdomen - squeeze toothpaste)