Cardiopulm FF flaschards

Question 1

Restrictive lung disease with examples

Answer 1

difficulty breathing IN and expanding chest wall
examples: thoracic burns, asbestos, pulmonary fibrosis, asthma

Question 2

obstructive lung disease with examples

Answer 2

difficulty getting air out/keeping airway open and trapping in CO2
ex: COPD, emphysema, cystic fibrosis, bronchiestasis, chronic bronchitis

Question 3

treatments for obstructive

Answer 3

pursed lip breathing, huff cough
because want to keep airway open and breath out co2

Question 4

breathing exercises for restrictive

Answer 4

diaphragmatic breathing, stacked breathing, incentive spirometry, segmental breathing

Question 5

segmental breathing/lateral costal breathing

Answer 5

usage: improve hypoventilation, for chest wall fibrosis, pain, m guarding after surgery, atelectasis, PNA
Procedure: start in hook lying - can improve to sitting
apply pressure to ribs during exhalation and reduce inhalation
just before inhalation provide quick downward/inward stretch to chest - gives external intercostals quick stretch to facilitate contraction

Question 6

Difference between MI and HF

Answer 6

MI - heart (coronary circulation) is not getting enough blood=heart attack
HF- deficit with systemic circulation

Question 7

R sided HF

Answer 7

aka cor pulmonale
blood gets pushed back from RV>RA>body and venous vasculature
signs/sxs: jugular vein distention, peripheral edema, ascites (accumulation of fluid in abdominal region), enlarged liver and spleen
can be from increase PA pressure> increased afterload placing greater demands on RV

Question 8

L sided HF

Answer 8

backflow LV>LA>lungs
decreased CO
sxs: SOB, cough, crackles, bloody sputum, tachypnea (rapid breathing), pulm edema, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (SOB in night), orthopnea (SOB while lying down), exertional dyspnea, cyanosis
severe LV pathology: increased pulm artery pressure leads to back up into R side of heart and systemic venous vasculature >biventriculater failure

Question 9

biventricular heart failure

Answer 9

present with pulmonary and systemic signs of HF

Question 10

CHF tx implications

Answer 10

Intensity: begin with 40-60%
time: gradually increase duration with frequent rest episodes
Type: low level aerobic, gradual increaseIncreased warm up and cool down
Use RPE - HR can br impaired
At risk of hypotension with late state HF

Question 11

Precautions for Trendelenburg postural drainage:

Answer 11

circulatory - CHF, hypertension
pulmonary - pulm edema, SOB made worse with trendelenburg
abdominal - obesity, abdominal distention, hiatial hermia, nausea, recent food consumption

Question 12

precautions for side-lying postural drainage

Answer 12

vascular: axillofemoral bypass graft
musculoskeletal: arthritis, recent rib fx, shoudler bursitis, shoulder tendonitis