Salbutamol Flashcards
Pharmacology and presentation of Salbutamol?
5mg/2.5ml Polyamp or 100microg pMDI Inhaler
Salbutamol is a direct acting sympathomimetic agent which mainly affects B2 – adrenoceptors. It primarily acts as a bronchodilator but also has B1 (positive inotropic and chronotropic) actions. Additionally, it lowers serum potassium levels through its direct stimulation of the sodium/potassium ATPase pump, drawing potassium into cells. Salbutamol is also used IV in obstetrics for tocolysis.
Indicators of Salbutamol?
- BACH
- Moderate to severe asthma
- Exacerbation of COPD
- Bronchospasm from other causes (OC spray, smoke inhalation, anaphylaxis)
- Suspected hyperkalaemia with ECG changes.
Contraindications of Salbutamol?
- Known allergy
- Age <1 year.
Cautions of Salbutamol?
- Acute pulmonary oedema
- Ischaemic heart disease.
Side Effects of Salbutamol?
- MATH Tremors
- Anxiety
- Tremors
- Tachyarrhythmia
- Hypokalaemia
- Metabolic acidosis in large doses.
Dosing Regimes of Salbutamol?
Asthma, COPD, Bronchospasm PMDI
- Adult and Paed>6yrs Mild - Moderate respiratory distress = 1.2mg (12puffs) pMDI via spacer, repeating 10-15minutely as required
- Paed <6years Mild - Moderate respiratory distress = 0.6mg (6puffs) pMDI via spacer, repeating 10-15minutely as required
Asthma, COPD, Bronchospasm Nebuliser
- Adult Severe respiratory distress = 10mg/5ml Nebulised, repeating 5mg/2.5ml 5 minutely as required
- Paed Severe respiratory distress = 5mg/1.5ml Nebulised, repeating 5mg/2.5ml 5 minutely as required
Suspected Hyperkalaemia with ECG changes
- Adults = 10mg/5ml Nebulised, repeating initial dose as required to a max of 30mg
- if unable to nebulise for adults 1.2mg via pMDI with spacer 5 minutely as required
- Paeds = 5mg/1.5ml Nebulised, repeating initial dose as required to a max of 15mg
- if unable to nebulise for paeds 0.6mg via pMDI with spacer 5 minutely as required
Onset and duration of Salbutamol?
- Onset = 2–5 minutes
- Duration = 15–60 minutes
