Sakit

Question 1

Cercaria

Cephalic glands produce____ -> skin penetration

Answer 1

lytic enzymes

Question 2

• History of swimming or exposure
• Within 12 hours of infection, an individual may complain of a tingling sensation or light rash due to irritation at the point of entry
• May or may not be present depending on previous exposures and sensitization

Answer 2

• Cercarial dermatitis
• Swimmer’s Itch

Question 3

• Typically 2-12 weeks following cercarial penetration, schistosomula migration

• Easy fatigability, respiratory symptoms, arthralgias, myalgias, malaise, eosinophilia, fever, abdominal pain

• Hepatosplenomegaly, may cause death

Answer 3

Katayama Syndrome or Snail
Fever

Question 4

Aberrant migration of maturing schistosomule to the
•: seizures, transient ischemic attack or stroke,
•: paresthesia
• Egg deposition and granuloma

Answer 4

Brain

Spinal cord

Question 5

• Eggs may become lodged in the intestinal wall and cause an immune reaction - granulomatous reaction

• Granuloma formation, ulcer, hemorrhage, colonic fibrosis, sometimes obstruction

Answer 5

Intestinal Schistosomiasis

Question 6

• Schistosoma japonicum:

• Due to granulomatous reaction to eggs deposited in the liver and other organs like intestines, lungs, CNS

Answer 6

Chronic hepatic schistosomiasis

Question 7

• Due to obstruction of the pulmonary vasculature due to granuloma formation and fibrosis

Answer 7

Cor pulmonale

Question 8

• Constant irritation of the urinary bladder by the spine of the ova

• More common among smokers:
damaged urinary bladder is exposed to carcinogens of the cigarette

Answer 8

Squamous cancer of the urinary bladder (Schistosoma haematobium)

Question 9

• Intradermal test
• Used for screening human population for presence of schistosomiasis in endemic areas
• Antigen from adult worm or cercarial extract is introduced intradermally
• Result is read in 10, 15, and 20 minutes
• Result is then read again after 24 hours

Answer 9

•• Fairley’s Test

Question 10

• Allows the egg to escape respiratory tract where they are moved up and out by ciliary epithelium along with lung exudates
• May be coughed out or swallowed

Answer 10

Fibrotic Capsule in the Lungs

P westermani

Question 11

• Due to granuloma formation or cyst/abscess formation
• Muscle, abdominal organs like liver, genitals, brain, heart, lymph nodes

Answer 11

Extrapulmonary Symptoms