Nem 1 Compilation Flashcards
Common name of Ascaris L
Giant intestinal round worm
Common name of trichuric
Whipworm
Common name of capillaria
Pudoc worm
Habitat of ascaris
Small intestine
Habitat of trichuris
Large intestine
Habitat of capillaria
Small intestine
Phasmid of Aphasmid?
Ascaris
Phasmid
Phasmid of Aphasmid?
Trichuris
Aphasmid
Phasmid of Aphasmid?
Capillaria
Apahasmid
Role of Humans in life cycle
Ascaris
Definitive
Role of Humans in life cycle
Trichuris
Definitive
Role of Humans in life cycle
Capillaria
Accidental host
Mode of transmission
Ascaris
Ingestion of embryonated egg
Inhalation
Mode of Transmission
Trichuris
Ingestion of embryonated egg
MOT
Capillaria
Ingestion of infective larva
Autoinfection
ingestion of raw or undercooked contaminated fish
Human Diseases (list by the organs affected)
Ascaris
Loeffler’s Syndrome - lungs
Moderate intestinal infection
Lactose intolerance
Vit. A malabsorption
Diseases
Trichuris
Intestinal petechial hemorrhages
Intestinal bleeding
Acute appendicitis
Diseases
Capillaria
Intestinal capillariasis
Complications of severe infection
Ascaris
Bowel obstruction from bolus formation
Intussusception = telescoping
Volvulus (twisting) that may result to bowel infarction and perforation
Trachea = causes obstruction caused by asphyxia (oxygen deprivation)
Bile duct, pancreatic duct = causes pancreatitis
Appendix = causes appendicitis
Intestinal bacteria may be carried to these migration sites → abscess formation
Complications
Trichuris
Rectal prolapse in heavy chronic trichuriasis
Blood-streaked diarrheal stools
Abdominal pain
Weight loss
Blood loss: 0.8-8.6mL/day → anemia
Complications
Capillaria
Causes of malabsorption
Micro-ulcers in the intestinal epithelium
Mechanical compression of intestinal cells → cellular degeneration
Intestinal capillariasis
Potentially fatal as it causes: Protein losing enteropathy (causes hypoalbuminemia leading to edema), electrolyte imbalance, intestinal malabsorption; Weight loss, malaise, anorexia, vomiting, edema
Diagnostic stage with Description
Ascaris
Unfertilized egg
Fertilized egg
Adult worm
Diagnostic stage
Trichuris
Unembryonated egg
adult worms
Diagnostic
Capillaria
Unembryonated egg
Infective stage
Ascaris
Embryonated egg (w/ L3)
Infective stage
Trichuris
Embryonated egg
Infective stage
Capillaria
encysted larva in freshwater fishes or embryonated egg
Ascaris
Single dose:
- (200mg for children 12-23 months): 93.9%
-: 96.5%
Best drug for ascariasis
-10mg/kg max dose 1g:
Albendazole 400mg
Mebendazole 500mg
Pyrantel pamoate
Trichuris
Drug of choice
_____BID × 3 days
_____OD x 3 days
Alternative
_____OD × 3 days
Mebendazole 100mg
Mebendazole 500mg
Albendazole 400mg
Capillaria
Drug of choice
_____BID x 20 days
Alternative
_____OD × 10 days
Mebendazole 200mg
Albendazole 400mg
