Loa loa

Question 1

Loa loa

Also known as the

Answer 1

“Eye Worm”

Question 2

Loa loa

• sheathed
• nuclei up to the tip of the tail

Answer 2

Microfilariae

Question 3

Loa loa

exhibits______ periodicity (microfilaria is shed in peripheral blood constantly during the____, rarely at____)

Answer 3

diurnal

day; night

Question 4

Loa loa

• Loiasis

• Causes_______

• allergic reaction due to worm migration in tissue and death in capillaries

Answer 4

Calabar swellings

Question 5

Loa loa

• Diagnosis:

• demonstrate in___________ sheathed microfilariae with continuous nuclei to the tip of the tail
• found in_____

Answer 5

blood smears (thick and thin)

Africa

Question 6

Loa loa means

Answer 6

Means Worm worm

Question 7

Common Name:

Answer 7

African Eye worm

Question 8

Vector:

Answer 8

Chrysops fly (Deer fly, Horse fly, Mango fly) –-

Day-biting flies

Question 9

Infective Stage:

Answer 9

Third stage larvae (L3)

Question 10

Diagnostic Stage:

• _____in spinal fluid, urine, CSF, PBS, lungs;

•_____ in subcutaneous biopsy

Answer 10

Microfilaria

Adult

Question 11

Habitat:

; affects conjunctiva of the eye (AFRICAN EYE WORM)

Answer 11

• Subcutaneous tissue

Question 12

Epidemiology

• Found in

Answer 12

West Africa and Ethiopia

Question 13

Biology: Adult

• Commonly found in the

Answer 13

subcutaneous tissue

Question 14

Biology: Microfilaria

Sheath?
Tail?

Answer 14

Sheathed

tapered with nuclei extending to the tip

Question 15

______periodicity

• Day:

• Night:

• Non-circulating phase:

Answer 15

Diurnal

Blood

Spinal fluids, urine, sputum

Lungs

Question 16

Pathogenesis and Clinical Manifestations

Answer 16

Calabar swelling
Eye worm
Generalized pruritus
Lungs

Question 17

• Localized, non-tender, episodic itchy swellings or subcutaneous edema found on arms, legs, near joints

Answer 17

Calabar Swelling

Question 18

• Visible movement of the adult worm across the surface of the eye; cause congestion, itching, pain, and light sensitivity but little damage

Answer 18

Eye worm

Question 19

• Fluid collection

• Lung inflammation

Answer 19

Lungs

Question 20

Diagnosis

Daytime (_______): specimen?

• Non-circulation phase:_____ (most of the time)

Answer 20

10am to 2PM
Peripheral blood

lungs

Question 21

Diagnosis: Adult

Identification of adult worm in the_____ or under the____

Answer 21

subconjunctivae

skin

Question 22

Diagnosis

_____test for Loa loa

Answer 22

Antibody

Question 23

Treatment

Answer 23

Diethylcarbamazine (DEC)

Albendazole

Question 24

• Drug of choice: kill both microfilariae and adult, quicker resolution

• Effective against microfilariae and adult worms

Answer 24

Diethylcarbamazine (DEC)

Question 25

Treatment
• May be given if DEC is not effective after repeated treatment

• Slow response

Answer 25

Albendazole

Question 26

Brain swelling resulting to coma and/or death

• Adverse event after_____ treatment if with heavy infection in the brain

• Simultaneous administration of (2)

Answer 26

DEC

antihistamine and steroids

Question 27

Treatment

of migrating adult worm, not curative

Answer 27

• Surgical removal

Question 28

Prevention and Control

• May take weekly_____ 300mg if visiting endemic area

-• Use____

• Use clothing that covers most of the skin

Answer 28

DEC

insect repellant