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Parasitology Lec > Ascaris Lumbricoides > Flashcards

Ascaris Lumbricoides Flashcards

1
Q

Biggest nematodes infecting humans

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

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2
Q

Most common intestinal nematode of man

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

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3
Q

Triumvirate:

A

Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, & hookwroms

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4
Q

Cosmopolitan (almost everywhere) distribution

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

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5
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides
____billion people globally affected
______die annually
______years old: age group with highest intensity
______are vulnerable

A

1.2

2,000

5-15

Children

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6
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides

Habitat:______
Color: Large_____ or _____ worms

Male: 10-31 cm long
Female: 22-35 cm long

_______somatic muscle arrangement

A

Small intestine

whitish or pinkish

Polymyarian

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7
Q

AL

Anterior End
Mouth with___ lips, and sensory____

Small_____ buccal cavity

A

three ; papillae

triangular

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8
Q

AL

Posterior End
Male: ventrally_____ with___ spicules
Female:____

A

curved ; two

tapered

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9
Q

AL

Reproductive Organ in the posterior____

Male: single, long, tortuous tubule
Female: paired reproductive organ (didelphic; 2 tubules)

A

two-thirds

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10
Q

Production of ________

protects the worm from digestion and phosphorylcholine that suppresses lymphocyte proliferation

A

pepsin inhibitor 3 (PI-3)

Ascaris lumbricoides

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11
Q

AL

Three layers

Corticated or decorticated

chitinous layer = main protective layer; prevents desiccation (drying)

Ascaroside

A

Outer mammilated albuminous covering

Thick middle transparent protein layer

Inner lipid layer

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12
Q

AL OVA

Rounder
With undeveloped unicellular embryo
Thick chitinous shell
May be corticated or decorticated

A

FERTILIZED

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13
Q

AL OVA

85-95um by 38-45 um
variable
unembryonated; amorphous mass of protoplasm
thin
Usually corticated

A

UNFERTILIZED

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14
Q

AL Infective stage

A

Embryonated egg

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15
Q

AL LIFE CYCLE

Embryonation in the_____: 2-3 weeks
Egg with___ stage larva: infective stage
With_____ migration stage where larvae undergo molting
Hepato-tracheal migration:____ days
Development of egg-laying adult worm:_____ weeks after ingestion
Life span:____

A

soil

third

heart-lung

14

9-11

1 year

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16
Q

AL

Diagnostic stages:

A

Unfertilized egg
Fertilized egg
Adult worm

17
Q

Philippines:______ prevalence rate AL

A

80-90%

18
Q
  • refers to the presence of Ascaris eggs in feces of individuals with or without signs and symptoms
A

Infection rate

19
Q
  • refers to the people infected with the parasite and show signs and symptoms of the disease
A

Disease rate

20
Q

AL

Productive capacity of ____ or _____ eggs a day

A

26 million eggs or 200, 000 eggs per day.

21
Q

● measures 45 to 70 micra by 35 to 50 micra, shorter than the infertile eggs

● there is an outer coarsely mammilated albuminous covering

● compact yolk granules

A

Fertilized Egg

22
Q

● measures 88 to 94 micra by 39 to 44 micra, longer and narrower than fertilized eggs

● it is thin-shelled with an irregular mammilated coating filled refractile granules

● they are difficult to identify and are found only in the absence of males

A

Unfertilized Egg

23
Q

● Absence of albuminous coating

A

Decorticated Egg

24
Q

Egg 3 layers:

1______- out mammilated covering

2._____ - supporting structure

3.______ - inner membrane

A

Albuminous covering

Hyaline shell

Vitelline lipoidal layer

25
Q

Phasmid/ Aphasmid

A

Phasmid

26
Q

Host

A

Humans - accidental

27
Q

Habitat AL

A

Small intestine

28
Q

MOT AL

A

Ingestion of embryonated egg Inhalation

29
Q

Infective stage AL

A

embryonated egg L3

30
Q

Diagnostic stage

A

Unembryonated egg ● fertilized or unfertilized eggs in the feces

31
Q

Pathogenesis & Clinical Manifestations

A

Loeffler’s Syndrome lungs
Moderate intestinal infection
Lactose intolerance
Vit. A malabsorption

32
Q

Diagnosis AL

A
  1. Direct fecal smear (DFS)
  2. Kato-Katz Technique
  3. Formalin-Ether/Ethyl Acetate Concentration Technique
33
Q

Treatment AL

A
  1. Albendazole
  2. Pipperazine citrate
  3. Mebendazole or pyrantel pamoate
34
Q

AL

Disease of poverty:

A
  • Ascariasis
  • Ascaris infection
  • Roundworm infection
35
Q

AL

Somatic musculature

A

Polymyarian

Parasitology Lec (31 decks)

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