Capillaria Philippinensis Flashcards
C philippinensis
Zoonotic disease???
Yess
C Philippinensis
Natural Host:
Accidental Host:
Fish-eating birds
Humans
C Philippinensis
Habitat:
Small intestine
CP
First infection reported by Chitwood et al. In 1963 in a____ yr. old in Northern Luzon
29
CP
1966: epidemic in_______
>1000 cases,____ deaths
Common Name:_____ Worm
Cause: washing of fecally contaminated bed sheets in lagoons in Tagudin
Pudoc West, Tagudin, llocos Sur
77
Pudoc
CP
1998: “mystery disease” in _______
Death of villagers due to misdiagnosis
Monkayo, Compostella vallery Province
CP
Size
Male: 1.5-3.9mm long
With______ spicule
Female: 2.3-5.3mm long
______located at the junction of anterior and middle thirds
one unspined
Vulva
CP
Esophagus
Rows of secretory cells called_____
Entire esophagus:_____
Stichocytes
Stichosome
CP OVA
Size: 36-45 by 20um
Shape:______-shaped with striated shells and flattened bipolar plugs
Passed in feces as______ egg
Embryonayion:___ or ____
peanut
unembryonated
soil or water
CP
Embryonated eggs hatch in the intestines of_____ to become infective larvae
fish
CP
Mode of Transmission:
ingestion of raw or undercooked contaminated fish
CP
Infective stage:
encysted larva in freshwater fishes or embryonated egg
CP
First generation female worms: produce larvae to bulld up the population (______)
Subsequent generations of female worms: predominantly produce eggs (______)
Larviparous
Oviparous
CP
hyperinfection??
autoinfection??
There is hyperinfection and autoinfection
Intestinal villi becomes flattened
Abdominal pain and borborygmi
Chronic diarrhea: 8-10 voluminous stools per day
Protein losing enteropathy (causes hypoalbuminemia leading to edema), electrolyte imbalance, intestinal malabsorption
Weight loss, malaise, anorexia, vomiting, edema
Potentially FATAL
Intestinal capillariasis
Micro-ulcers in the intestinal epithelium
Mechanical compression of intestinal cells → cellular degeneration
Causes of malabsorption
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
_________
Direct fecal smear or wet mount
Stool concentration technique
Larva and adult worms may be seen in the feces
_________
High specificity
Detection of coproantigent prepared from stool samples of patients
_________
Demonstration of Ova
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
Immunoblot Assay
CP
Treatment:
Drug of choice
Alternative
Mebendazole 200mg BID x 20 days
Albendazole 400mg OD × 10 days
CP
Adjunctive treatment
Electrolyte replacement
High protein diet
CP
PREVENTION & CONTROL
Improvement of sanitation and health educational programs
Prevent indiscriminate disposal of human waste
Discourage eating raw fish
Capacity building for health personnel
Early and accurate diagnosis
MALE CP
- Small, measuring 1.5
- to 3.9 mm in length.
- Characterized by_____ and long, non-spiny sheaths (male spicule)
caudal alae
2 Types of Female Worm:
- larviparous (responsible for population build-up)
- oviparous
- NB: Both have an esophagus with secretory cells called_____ and the esophageal structure is called_____
Atypical Female
Typical Female
stichocytes
stichosome
Phasmid/ Aphasmid?
Aphasmid
Definitive host =
Natural host =
Intermediate host =
Humans (accidental)
fish-eating birds
Fishes
Habitat
Small intestine
MOT CP
Ingestion of raw or undercooked contaminated fish
Source of infection CP
Small freshwater fish
Infective stage CP
3rd stage larva
Diagnostic stage CP
Egg, larva, adult in the fecal sample
Pathogenesis & Clinical Manifestations CP
Intestinal capillariasis
Malabsorption
Diagnosis CP
- Demonstration of characteristic eggs in the feces:
● Direct Fecal Smear (DFS) or Wet Mount
● Stool Concentration Methods
● Duodenal aspiration
- Larva and adult stages may also be seen
● Drug of choice =______ 200mg BID x 20 days
● Alternative =_____ 400mg OD × 10 days
CP
Mebendazole
Albendazole
Capillaria philippinensis
• Disease:
- Intestinal Capillariasis
- Capillariasis
Capillaria philippinensis
• History:
- was 1st recognized in the Philippines in_____ at PGH
-_____, Ilocos Norte
- 1967, epidemic in Capillariasis in Pudoc, West Tagudin, Ilocos Sur (approximately 1,300 persons became ill and____ persons died of the infection)
1963
Bacarra
90
Capillaria philippinensis
• Morphology: Female Worm:
• Measures 2.3 to 5.3 mm in length.
• Body is divided into 2 almost equal parts
• Anterior:
(2)
• Posterior:
(2)
• esophagus
• esophageal glands
• intestine
• reproductive system with slightly prominent vulva
Capillaria philippinensis
• Morphology:
Eggs:
• similar to that of the_____ but are smaller about 42 by 20 micra usually in the single or 2segmented stage of development
• more____ in shape
• bipolar mucous plugs that are not protruberant
• shell is thick and pitted which appear as______ hence______-shaped
whipworm
oval
striations; peanut
Capillaria philippinensis
• Life Cycle:
3 rd stage larva
fishes
humans
egg, larva, adult in the fecal sample
