SA Ortho - PT Rehab

Question 1

Physical rehab

Answer 1

Alleviation of impairment and functional limitation

Question 2

Effects of surgery and ortho disease

Answer 2

Muscle atrophy, v ROM, muscle contracture, delayed return to function, Pain (musculature, articular, bone)

Question 3

Immobilizing joints - what happens

Answer 3

Decrease stress of soft tissue
Decrease movement of joints
Can avoid joint fibrosis and DJD
Osteopenia is likely to develop

Question 4

Benefits of PT

Answer 4

Reverse muscle atrophy
Increase fine motor (decreases reinjury rate)
Increase blood flow
Increase bone healing
Increase fibroblast and collagen activity
Decrease inflammation
Promote ROM

Question 5

Purpose for preventative pain measure

Answer 5

PT is not comfortable
Opioids are not great options
Prevent wind up pain (turned on centrally)

Question 6

Goals of controlled exercise

Answer 6

Increases strength, endurance, ROM, balance

Question 7

Key isolation for stretches

Answer 7

Isolate a singular focal joint, stretches that put stress on multiple joints are not ideal

Question 8

Features of underwater treadmill

Answer 8

Heated water
The higher the water the more decreased the body weight
Hydrostatic pressure from water - can decrease edema

Question 9

Benefits of swimming

Answer 9

Low impact
Decrease stress on bones and joints
Can introduce heat
Good resistance training

Question 10

Controlled exercise for balance

Answer 10

Proprioceptive feedback
Increase kinesthetic sense

Question 11

Passive modalities

Answer 11

Heat/cold therapy
Passive range of motion (massage)
Electro stim

Question 12

Effleurage

Answer 12

Stroking pattern massage tech

Question 13

Foulage

Answer 13

Compressing and deep massage tech

Question 14

Friction

Answer 14

Combination of massage techniques

Question 15

Cryotherapy

Answer 15

Cold compressive therapy
Use within 24-72 hours of injury
Reduces bleeding through arterial vasoconstriction
Reduces inflammation via outward fluid filtration

Question 16

Stages of cold and pain in cryotherapy

Answer 16

20 min of therapy can reduce pain nerve conduction by 29%
Stages of cold - stage 1 & 2 are ideal
Intense cold
Burning
Aching
Numbness
Limited exposure reduces tissue damage

Question 17

Applications and methods of cryotherapy

Answer 17

Ice packs, ice baths, towels, circulating bandages
Thin towel, cold pack, insulating towel

Question 18

Methods of heat therapy

Answer 18

Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Reconversion

Question 19

Benefits of heat therapy

Answer 19

Causes vasodilation
Increase local metabolism
Decrease pain, relaxes muscles
Increase soft tissue extensibility

Question 20

Waves & intensity for reconversion

Answer 20

1-5MHZ Penetration
Intensity = watts/cm
1mhz heats 2-5 cm deep

Question 21

Major benefits of heat/ultrasound therapy

Answer 21

Heat/pain relief
Increase extensibility in muscles
Decreases muscle spasms
Increased extensibility scar tissue contracture
Increases wound healing

Question 22

Injuries to use therapeutic ultrasound carefully on

Answer 22

Fracture
Bony prominences
Joints
Areas of decreases sensitivity
Can overheat tissues

Question 23

Places to NEVER use ultrasound therapy on

Answer 23

Eyes
Heart
Malignant tumors
Carotid sinus
Testis
Spinal cord (after hemilaminectomy)
Contaminated wounds

Question 24

Electro stim benefits

Answer 24

Decreases atrophy
Muscle reeducation
Reduce edema
Control pain
Decrease muscle spams

Question 25

Ways to evaluate results

Answer 25

Goniometry measures ROM
Force plate analysis
-Fz - vertical force
-Fx - medio-lateral force
-Fy - anterior-posterior force
Tape measure
Pain assessment
Gait analysis