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Moving Exam 3 > Radio - Neoplasia / Infection > Flashcards

Radio - Neoplasia / Infection Flashcards

1
Q

Bone production takes how long before significant mineral olpacity can be seen?

A

10-14 days

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2
Q

What can be seen on radiographs after 5-7 days?

A

Decreased olpacity due to significant mineral loss from bone lysis/reabsorption

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3
Q

Benign changes

A

Chronic, degenerative, slow

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4
Q

Aggressive changes

A

Active, ongoing, rapid

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5
Q

Most important component to assessing if a lesion is aggressive

A

Component productive or lytic - presence of lytic automatic aggressive

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6
Q

Pattern of bone lysis

A

Presence of cortical destruction
Zone of transition
Periosteal reaction/proliforation
Active vs inactive
Immature vs chronic

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7
Q

Short zone of transition

A

Walled off disease process
Edge of lesion is well demarkated
Sclerotic border indicates a benign process

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8
Q

Long zone of transition

A

Body cannot contain process
No distinct boarders

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9
Q

What type of bone tumor is less common?

A

Benign bone cyst

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10
Q

Stages of bone lysis

A

Permeative
Moth-eaten
Geographic

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11
Q

Appearance of permeative lysis stage

A

Pin point areas
Aggressive

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12
Q

Moth eaten pattens of lysis

A

Moderate sized area
Aggressive

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13
Q

Geographic patterns of lysis

A

Large area of lysis
Aggressive or benign

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14
Q

Periosteal layers

A

Outer fibrous layer
Inner Cambrian layer (bone production)

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15
Q

Stimulation of periosteum

A

Produce bone towards the cortex
Solid to process = benign
Pocketed appearance = aggressive

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16
Q

Periosteal reaction types

A

Solid
Lamellar
Interrupted
Complex

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17
Q

Solid reaction type

A

Smooth or palisading

18
Q

Lamellar reaction

A

Intermediate layered appearance
Indicates cyclic growth process

19
Q

Interrupted reaction

A

Spiculated appearance
Long thin spicules indicate more aggressive process than shorter thicker spicules

20
Q

Complex reaction

A

Sunburst or amorphous

21
Q

Sunburst reactions

A

Spicules radiate from a central point indicating a focal point where a tumor has broken from the cortex

22
Q

Amorphous reaction

A

Bone is formed disorganized
Process may destroy spicules of bone as they form

23
Q

Classifications for reactions

A

Level of aggression
Activity level
Duration

24
Q

Codmans triangle

A

Solid periosteal reaction seen at the edge of an aggressive reaction

25
Q

Activity level can be determined by what feature

A

How clear the edges of a lesion are, can they be outlined w a pencil or no?

26
Q

Olpacities role in reactions

A

The older the lesion the more opaque or bone like it becomes

27
Q

Primary bone tumors occur is which groups

A

Large breed dogs
As young as 6m, typical 7Y
More common in males

28
Q

Typical features of primary bone tumors

A

Aggressive characteristics
Mono static
Rarely crosses joints or breeches other bones
Metaphyseal location

29
Q

Metaphyseal location w bone tumors

A

Away from elbow (prox hum & distal rad)
Toward the stifle (prox tibia & distal femur)
Distal tibial - proximal diaphysis

30
Q

Largest percent of bone tumor types

A

75% osteosarcoma

31
Q

Other possible tumor diagnosis

A

Chondrosarcoma
Fibrosarcoma
Hemangiosarcoma

32
Q

Metastatic bone disease

A

Poly or monostotic
Diaphysis, flat bones
Aggressive characteristics
Neoplasms that metastasize to bone

33
Q

neoplasms that commonly metastasize to bone

A

Carcinoma (mammary, lung, liver, thyroid, urinary, prostate)
Osteosarcoma - systematic disease 14% have full body met

34
Q

Fungal osteomyelitis

A

Aggressive characteristics
Periosteal reaction is semi aggressive
Lysis may extend through cortex
Adjacent medullary sclerosis

35
Q

Common places for histoplasmosis

A

East US
Spread to bone is rare

36
Q

Blastomycosis

A

Middle Atlantic, SE sates
30% of cases have bone involvement

37
Q

Most common fungal osteomyelitis

A

Coccidoidomycosis (coccidioides immitus)
Mono static
Dia or metaphysis
Predominant proliferation
Hilar lymphadenopathy

38
Q

Bacterial osteomyelitis juveniles

A

Epiphysis and metaphysis of long bones in animals w decreased immunity

39
Q

Bacterial osteomyelitis in adults

A

Often at site or injury or surgery, Will not occur spontaneously

40
Q

Radiograph appearance for bacterial osteomyelitis

A

Earliest stages = soft tissue swelling
Reaction is typically solid, extends along shaft of diaphysis

Moving Exam 3 (34 decks)

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