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Moving Exam 3 > LA Ortho - Ten/lig Disorders > Flashcards

LA Ortho - Ten/lig Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Sparse fibroblasts

A

Histopath appearance of soft tissue
Contain nuclei
Proteoglycans - important for lubrication & diameter
Collagen - type I, crosslinked= very strong

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2
Q

Phases in response to injury

A

Inflammatory phase
Repair phase
Remodeling phase
Result

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3
Q

Events that occur in each phase of injury response

A

Inflammatory - vascular & cellular response
Repair - fibroblasts migrate into clot from intrinsic (things n within tendon) & extrinsic (surrounding cells) repair
Remodeling -
End result - decreased tensile strength & elasticity - prone to re-injury due to decreased elasticity

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4
Q

Paratenon

A
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5
Q

Epitenon

A
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6
Q

Endotenon

A
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7
Q

examples of extrinsic vs intrinsic healing

A

Extrinsic - para & epi tenon
Intrinsic - endotenon

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8
Q

Diagnosing tendon / lig problems - physical exam

A

Complete physical appearance - symmetry, smooth profile
Palpation - NWB to separate tendons, can palp WB
Lameness - in movement to assess injury

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9
Q

Diagnostic imaging for injury

A

Ultrasound
MRI - especially in foot/hoof
Thermography

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10
Q

Directions to evaluate

A

Proximal to distal

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11
Q

Stand-off

A

Clear addition to ultrasound probe
Adds distance to create dimension to see deep or superficial structures

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12
Q

Ultrasound examinations

A

Use transverse and longitudinal views
Transverse can tell you how big around a lesion is
Longitudinal can show how far it extends into the limb & quality of collagen fibers

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13
Q

Zoning locations of lesions

A

There are zones but using a ruler and giving exact location is more ideal for comparison

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14
Q

Lesion classification

A

Mild, moderate, severe
Usually based on % of lesion space

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15
Q

Tendon lacerations

A

Common injuries
Very slow to heal due to lack of presence of cells & requirement for WB on all 4 limbs
Extensor vs flexor
Use of horse
Associated structure injuries

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16
Q

Treatment for tendon lacerations

A

Medically - conservatively
Surgically - goal is to minimize gap in tendon, constriction of blood supply (prevent adhesion)
External coaptation - cast, extended shoe or splint

17
Q

Extensor tendon lacerations

A

Long & lateral digital extensors are separate then fuse distally - very important for location of laceration = % or ability of some digital extensor function
Heal fairly well, less force applied

18
Q

Effect of SFGT lacerations

A

Fetlock dropped

19
Q

Effects of SDFT & DDFT lacerated

A

Fetlock dropped
Toe off ground

20
Q

Effects of DDFT lacerated

A

toe off ground - DDFT inserts on P3

21
Q

Effects of SDFT, DDFT, suspensory ligament lacerated

A

Fetlock on the ground
Toe off ground
Extremely difficult to treat

22
Q

Surgical treatment for lacerations

A

Wound lavage & debridement
Special suture tendons - minimize gap formations in tendons

23
Q

Prognosis for extensor tendons

A

Good >75% sound

24
Q

Prognosis for flexor injuries

A

Guarded
84% survival
42-82% sound

25
Q

Tendinitis /desmitis

A

Repetitive mechanical loading
Cell/matrix damage
Cell matrix response - adequate = adaption
Inadequate = sub clinical injury
- continued loading/injury
- clinical injury/rupture

26
Q

Controlled inflammation

A

Keeping inflammation controlled in key for better prognosis
Anti-inflammatories
Supportive bandage
Cold therapy
Controlled exercise

27
Q

Main problem w tenon injury

A

No matter the therapy /prevention it will not speed up the healing process. The timeline for that it set
Additional protocols can make the healing better or stronger but won’t drop the time line

28
Q

Surgical therapies for tendinitis

A

ALSDFT desmotomy - removing accessory lig of SDFT (proximal check ligament)
Percutaneous tendon splitting-
Creating small fan holes could increase extrinsic healing
Most therapies involve SDFT

29
Q

Digital tendon sheath

A

Palmar/plantar annular lig constriction
Not very elastic tissue

30
Q

Palmar/plantar annular lig constriction

A

Not elastic/flexible, pressure can lead to compartment syndrome = synovial effusion
Treat medically

31
Q

Surgical treatment for Palmar/plantar annular lig constriction

A

Desmoplasty - like tendon splitting
Desmotomy - transect to relieve compression
Will heal back, goal is to relieve pressure/immediate strain

32
Q

Tenosynovitis

A

Idiopathic
Acute - trauma or tendon injury
Complex(chronic)
Tenosynovial masses, digital sheath fibrosis, adhesions, PAL constrictions

33
Q

Clinical signs for tenosynovitis

A

Palp thickness/masses
Fluctuate fluid swelling
Chronic lameness

34
Q

Diagnosis for tenosynovitis

A

Thickened synovial sheath - PAL
Tendon lesions
Synovial masses
Adhesions

35
Q

Medical therapy for tenosynovitis

A

Cold therapy
Controlled exercise
NSAIDS
Intrathecal hyaluronic acid

36
Q

Surgical therapy for tenosynovitis

A

Arthroscopy
PAL desmotomy

Moving Exam 3 (34 decks)

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