Radiology - Pelvic Limb

Question 1

LCPD occurrence

Answer 1

Unilateral
4-11 months
Small breeds
Poodle, terriers min pin

Question 2

Pathogenesis of LCPD

Answer 2

Due to decreased blood supply to femoral head (epiphysis)

Question 3

Blood supply to femoral head

Answer 3

Synovial membrane (for skeletally immature)
Arteries in round ligament of head of femur
Nutrient vessels via metaphysis (after closure)

Question 4

Appearance of femoral head in LCPD

Answer 4

Normal - regular blood flow through
Ischemia - no blood present in head
Repair - minimal blood flow restored

Question 5

Radiograph signs of LCPD

Answer 5

Small/irregular femoral head
Increased joint space
Secondary remodeling/DJD
Significant muscle atrophy

Question 6

Normal hip anatomy
Acetabulum

Answer 6

Deeply formed, cup shaped w sharp cranial acetabular rim and dorsal acetabular edges

Question 7

What % of femoral head should be covered by acetabular rim?

Answer 7

50%

Question 8

Hip rotation to right

Answer 8

<acetabular>acetabular coverage L
</acetabular>

Question 9

Hip rotation to left appearance

Answer 9

> acetabular coverage R

<acetabular coverage L

Question 10

Formations on radio - signs of CHD

Answer 10

Thickening of femoral head
Osteophytes and enthesophyte formation
Sclerosis

Question 11

What comes first w CHD

Answer 11

Laxity in joints —-> joint disease

Question 12

Earliest sign of DJD in hips

Answer 12

Morgan Line
Sclerotic line near femoral neck/head

Question 13

Secondary impacts of DJD /sclerosis

Answer 13

Femoral neck will straighten with remodeling
(Cervicofemoral angle)

Question 14

Extended standard view of pelvis

Answer 14

Pull legs down & rotate inward
Femurs need to be parallel
Open colli at or to include the entire pelvis & both femora through stifle

Question 15

OFA grades

Answer 15

Excellent
Good
Fair
(Failing grades - mild moderate severe)

Question 16

Submitted views for PennHIP

Answer 16

Hip extended view
Compressed radio - some degree of flexion w femoral heads pushed inward
Distracted radio - pressure applied to extract femoral heads, can view degree of laxity

Question 17

DI measurement

Answer 17

Between 0.0-1.0

Question 18

DI near 0 indicates

Answer 18

Little joint lax = very tight hips

Question 19

DI closer to 1.0

Answer 19

Indicates a high degree of laxity = very loose hips

Question 20

Fun fact abt tighter hips

Answer 20

Dogs with tighter hips are less likely to develop hip dysplasia than dogs w loose hips

Question 21

Two certification methods for diagnosing hip dysplasia

Answer 21

OFA
PennHIP

Question 22

Function of cranial cruciate disease

Answer 22

CCL prevents displacemtn of tibia
Limits internal roatation of tibia & prevents hyperextension of the stifle

Question 23

CCD swelling

Answer 23

Intracapsular swelling (effusion or synovial proliferation)
Can displace infrapatellar fat pad
Can displace facial planes caudal to joint

Question 24

Common direction of CCD

Answer 24

Tibia will displace cranially

Question 25

Patellar luxation features

Answer 25

Congenital /traumatic
Medial - usually congenital in small dogs
Lateral - usually traumatic in big dogs

Question 26

MPL

Answer 26

Pat is medial to trochlear groove
Coxa vara
Lateral bowing of distal femur
Medial bowing of proximal tibia

Question 27

MPL secondary bone modulation

Answer 27

Displace tibial crest
Shallow trochlear groove
Secondary OA

Question 28

Common distribution of MPL

Answer 28

Bilateral