Anatomy - Rum Pelvic Limb Flashcards
Dewclaws
Nonweight bearing digits II & V
Contain bones in cows but not small rum
Greater ischiatic foramen contains
Cranial gluteal artery, vein, nerve
Sciatic nerve
Caudal gluteal nerve
Lesser ischiatic foramen contains
Caudal gluteal artery & vein
Ligaments in pelvic limb of bovine
3 patellar ligaments - medial, middle, lateral
Osteoligamentous loop - loop formed by ligs
Large medial femoral trochlear ridge
Treatment for upward patellar fixation
Desmotomy - cut the medial ligament
Hock jt - perforating tarsal canal
Different form the tarsal canal
Canal between 3 sets of fused tarsal bones for blood vessels and perforating arteries
Tarsal bones in the perforating tarsal canal
Fused T2&T3 bones
Fused TC +T4 (centroquartal bones)
Fused MT III & IV
Rump muscles in cows
Middle gluteal
Gluteobiceps msucle - fusion of superficial gluteal & biceps femoris
Importance of trochanteric bursa
Between the minor and major troachanter (no 3rd)
Inflammation = lameness
Bicipital bursa
Located between the medial and lateral femoral condyle
Inflammation = lameness
Not present in EQ
Facts abt hamstring muscles in ruminants
Lack vertebral head origin, only pelvic origin = angular or flat appearance of rump making bony features in rum more palpable
Importance of Sublumbar muscles
Most tender part of T-bone steak due to underutilization
External obturator muscle in bovine
Intrapelvic part
Extrapelvic part
Both cover the obturator foramen dorsal & ventral
Craniolateral muscles of crus
Fibularis tertius
Long digital extensor
Cranial tibial
Fibularis longus
Lateral digital extensor
Short digital extensor
Heads of long digital extensor
Medial head/tendon - p2&3 of digit 3
Lateral head/tendon - branches - p3 of digits 3&4
Short digital extensor
Found between tendon of long & lateral digital extensor
Most cranial
most cranial muscles in crus by species
Dog - cranial tibial
Eq - long digital extensor
Bo - Peronus Tertius
Peroneus muscles by species
Dogs - longus & brevis
Cow - longus & tertius
Equine - tertius
Job of extensor retinacula
Holds tendons of craniolateral muscles
-crural (proximal)
-metatarsal (distal)
Tarsal ER only present in horse not cow
Heads of DDF in horses
Medial, lateral & caudal tibial
Subiliac lymph nodes in cows
Singular large node
Palpable above patella on ab wall
Absent in dog
Arteries in pelvic limb
Saphenous artery - check pulse, lies distally on super surface of medial thigh
Blood supply to distal parts of hind limb comes from dorsal & plantar sides
Blood flow of hind limb
External iliac artery -
Femoral - popliteal - dorsal pedal - dorsal metatarsal
Branches of femoral artery
Lateral circumflex
Descending genicular
Caudal femoral
Saphenous
Branches off saphenous artery
Medial plantar - plantar common digital (II & III) - abaxial
lateral plantar artery - plantar common digital (IV) - abaxial
Axial planter proper digital artery III & IV = main blood supply of digits
Dorsal main trunks (artery)
Dorsal pedal - perforating tarsal a
Dorsal metatarsal III
Distal perforating branch
Dorsal common digital artery III - interdigital artery
Plantar main trunk arteries
Saphenous artery
<lateral plantar
< medial plantar - perforating tarsal a
Distal perforating branch
Interdigital artery
Nerves of pelvic limb
Obturator nerve, Femoral nerve - can be injured in dystocia
Saphenous nerve is a branch of femoral = secondary injury
Lose adduction, WB ability, skin sensation on med thigh, med crus and pes
Tibial nerve branches
Medial & lateral plantar nerves
Fibular nerve branches
Superficial and deep peroneal nerves
Caudal surface of leg/digits nerve
Sciatic - tibial - plantar side
Medial (II &III) & lateral plantar(IV)=Plantar common digital
Abaxial & axial plantar proper digital nerve
Abaxial (III & IV) axial (III & IV)
