Anatomy - Rum Pelvic Limb

Question 1

Dewclaws

Answer 1

Nonweight bearing digits II & V
Contain bones in cows but not small rum

Question 2

Greater ischiatic foramen contains

Answer 2

Cranial gluteal artery, vein, nerve
Sciatic nerve
Caudal gluteal nerve

Question 3

Lesser ischiatic foramen contains

Answer 3

Caudal gluteal artery & vein

Question 4

Ligaments in pelvic limb of bovine

Answer 4

3 patellar ligaments - medial, middle, lateral
Osteoligamentous loop - loop formed by ligs
Large medial femoral trochlear ridge

Question 5

Treatment for upward patellar fixation

Answer 5

Desmotomy - cut the medial ligament

Question 6

Hock jt - perforating tarsal canal

Answer 6

Different form the tarsal canal
Canal between 3 sets of fused tarsal bones for blood vessels and perforating arteries

Question 7

Tarsal bones in the perforating tarsal canal

Answer 7

Fused T2&T3 bones
Fused TC +T4 (centroquartal bones)
Fused MT III & IV

Question 8

Rump muscles in cows

Answer 8

Middle gluteal
Gluteobiceps msucle - fusion of superficial gluteal & biceps femoris

Question 9

Importance of trochanteric bursa

Answer 9

Between the minor and major troachanter (no 3rd)
Inflammation = lameness

Question 10

Bicipital bursa

Answer 10

Located between the medial and lateral femoral condyle
Inflammation = lameness
Not present in EQ

Question 11

Facts abt hamstring muscles in ruminants

Answer 11

Lack vertebral head origin, only pelvic origin = angular or flat appearance of rump making bony features in rum more palpable

Question 12

Importance of Sublumbar muscles

Answer 12

Most tender part of T-bone steak due to underutilization

Question 13

External obturator muscle in bovine

Answer 13

Intrapelvic part
Extrapelvic part
Both cover the obturator foramen dorsal & ventral

Question 14

Craniolateral muscles of crus

Answer 14

Fibularis tertius
Long digital extensor
Cranial tibial
Fibularis longus
Lateral digital extensor
Short digital extensor

Question 15

Heads of long digital extensor

Answer 15

Medial head/tendon - p2&3 of digit 3
Lateral head/tendon - branches - p3 of digits 3&4

Question 16

Short digital extensor

Answer 16

Found between tendon of long & lateral digital extensor
Most cranial

Question 17

most cranial muscles in crus by species

Answer 17

Dog - cranial tibial
Eq - long digital extensor
Bo - Peronus Tertius

Question 18

Peroneus muscles by species

Answer 18

Dogs - longus & brevis
Cow - longus & tertius
Equine - tertius

Question 19

Job of extensor retinacula

Answer 19

Holds tendons of craniolateral muscles
-crural (proximal)
-metatarsal (distal)
Tarsal ER only present in horse not cow

Question 20

Heads of DDF in horses

Answer 20

Medial, lateral & caudal tibial

Question 21

Subiliac lymph nodes in cows

Answer 21

Singular large node
Palpable above patella on ab wall
Absent in dog

Question 22

Arteries in pelvic limb

Answer 22

Saphenous artery - check pulse, lies distally on super surface of medial thigh
Blood supply to distal parts of hind limb comes from dorsal & plantar sides

Question 23

Blood flow of hind limb

Answer 23

External iliac artery -
Femoral - popliteal - dorsal pedal - dorsal metatarsal

Question 24

Branches of femoral artery

Answer 24

Lateral circumflex
Descending genicular
Caudal femoral
Saphenous

Question 25

Branches off saphenous artery

Answer 25

Medial plantar - plantar common digital (II & III) - abaxial lateral plantar artery - plantar common digital (IV) - abaxial Axial planter proper digital artery III & IV = main blood supply of digits

Question 26

Dorsal main trunks (artery)

Answer 26

Dorsal pedal - perforating tarsal a Dorsal metatarsal III Distal perforating branch Dorsal common digital artery III - interdigital artery

Question 27

Plantar main trunk arteries

Answer 27

Saphenous artery

Question 28

Nerves of pelvic limb

Answer 28

Obturator nerve, Femoral nerve - can be injured in dystocia Saphenous nerve is a branch of femoral = secondary injury Lose adduction, WB ability, skin sensation on med thigh, med crus and pes

Question 29

Tibial nerve branches

Answer 29

Medial & lateral plantar nerves

Question 30

Fibular nerve branches

Answer 30

Superficial and deep peroneal nerves

Question 31

Caudal surface of leg/digits nerve

Answer 31

Sciatic - tibial - plantar side Medial (II &III) & lateral plantar(IV)=Plantar common digital Abaxial & axial plantar proper digital nerve Abaxial (III & IV) axial (III & IV)