RPA 2017 Flashcards
What blood thinning medication has a high variance in metabolism due to genetic factors?
Clopidogrel due to variations in CYP2C19
Clopidogrel is a pro-drug
What is the most common acquired valvular heart disease in people aged >65?
Aortic stenosis
What is the treatment for bile acid diarrhoea?
Cholestyramine
What is the most specific finding in favour of CT?
RSR’ complexes with a taller left rabbit ear
What class of antivirals is dolutegravir and raltegravir?
Integrase inhibitors
What class is emtricitabine?
NRTI
What risk does TP54 confer in AML?
High risk
What is the most specific bronchoprovocation test in asthma?
Mannitol (indirect)
Direct = metacholine, histamine
When to treat HBV
- Cirrhotic
- Non-cirrhotic
- Non-cirrhotic
- ALT > 2x ULN AND
- HBV DNA >2000 IU/mL
- ALL cirrhotic patients
- Family history of HCC
What are the serum osmolality, urine osmolality, urine Na and urine chloride in hyponatraemia from vomiting?
Metabolic alkalosis
Low urine chloride due to vomiting
high urine Na due to bicarbonate wasting due to metabolic alkalosis
Where is B12 absorbed?
Ileum
A-a gradient formula accounting for atmospheric pressure
PAO2 = FiO2 (atmospheric pressure - PH2O) - PaCO2/0.8
pressure of H2O in the alveolar is 47mmHg
FiO2 is normally 21% on RA
Anti-cholinergic syndrome features
Warm dry skin, dilated pupils, urinary retention
Normal reflexes and normal muscle tone
Differentials of painful neuropathy
Alcoholism
Amyloidosis
Chemotherapy (heavy metal toxicity)
Diabetes
Idiopathic polyneuropathy
Porphyria
Paraneoplastic syndrome
What cancers are associated with the highest risk of VTEs
Stomach and lung
