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FRACP Shuyu > FRACP 2019 > Flashcards

FRACP 2019 Flashcards

1
Q

How to monitor secondary hypothyroidism

A

T4

T3 is only required if the diagnosis is unclear

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2
Q

What is Whipple’s triad?

A

(1) symptoms of hypoglycemia
(2) hypoglycemia (blood glucose level <50 mg/dL)
(3) relief of symptoms following ingestion of glucose

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3
Q

Presentation of female carriers of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy

A

Peripheral neuropathy and myelopathy

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4
Q

How to diagnose adrenoleukodystrophy

A

VLCFA levels

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5
Q

What is the worse allele in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency?

A

Z

(M is the allele associated with normal alpha-1 antitrypsin production and there is also the null allele that results in no alpha-1 antitrypsin production)

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6
Q

What is the most common genetic mutation in hereditary motor neuron disease?

A

C9ORF72

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7
Q

What is the MOA of riluzole?

A

modulates sodium channels and inhibits glutamate release, providing a survival benefit of about 3e6 months, potentially greater for patients with bulbar-onset disease

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8
Q

What is the purpose of ATG in haematogenous stem cell transplant?

A

To prevent graft versus host disease

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9
Q

What is delayed anaphylaxis to meat mostly caused by?

A

galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) due to sensitisation to ticks

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10
Q

Who needs tetanus IG?

A

Immunosuppressed people or people with uncertain/no tetanus vaccination histroy with a wound that is more than a clean, minor wound

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11
Q

Who needs tetanus vaccinations in wounds?

A

Anyone who has had less than 3 tetanus doses

Any wound in people who haven’t had tetanus for >10 years

Any wound more than a clean minor wound in people who haven’t had tetanus for >5 years

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12
Q

Precautions for meningococcal

A

Droplet

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13
Q

What is the most common opportunistic pathogen following solid organ transplantation?

A

CMV

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14
Q

What chemotherapy class is most commonly associated with enterotoxicity?

A

fluoropyrimidines (particularly fluorouracil [FU] and capecitabine) and irinotecan

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15
Q

Management of acute chemotherapy related colitis

A
  1. Admit to hosptial is complicating features of 7 or more stools over baseline a day
  2. Loperamide
  3. Increase loperamide
  4. S/c octreotide
  5. Investigate for other causes
  6. Stop chemotherapy
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16
Q

ECOG scale

A

0 -> 5

0 = fully independent

5 = dead

17
Q

What is a feature of cancer cachexia?

A

Hypertriglyceridaemia and increased VLDL production

18
Q

What is the pathogenesis of dialysis disequilibrium?

A

Cerebral oedema

19
Q

Skin necrosis in dialysis patients diagnosis and treatment

A

Calciphylaxis

Non-calcium phosphate binders, sodium thiosulphate and cinacalcet if PTH high

20
Q

what is the difference in presentation between ulnar neuropathy at the elbow vs wrist?

A

Clawing of 4th and 5th digits worse at the wrist because there is sparing of the FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS (flexes DIP in 4th and 5th digits) with a lesion at the wirst

21
Q

What does Fanconi syndrome affect the reabsorbtion of?

A

Glucose, amino acids, uric acid, phosphate, and bicarbonate

22
Q

What’s the most likely interstitial lung disease pattern seen in RA?

A

UIP

23
Q

What rheumatological condition is associated with apical pulmonary fibrosis?

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

24
Q

What lung volumes require whole body plethysmography and not spirometry

A

Reserve volume

Functional residual capacity

Total lung volumes

25
Q

Risk factors for scleroderma renal crisis

A

Diffuse skin involvement

Glucocorticoid use

RNA polymerase III

Cyclosporine

26
Q

What receptor does noradrenaline act on to increase total peripheral resistance and blood pressure?

A

Alpha 1

27
Q

Reversal agent for heparin/LMWH

A

Protamine - highly alkaline protein (heparin and LMWH are acidic) and forms protein salt

28
Q

What is in cryoprecipitate

A

fibrinogen, factor VIII coagulant, vonWillebrand factor, and factor XIII

FRACP Shuyu (65 decks)

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