ROOTS AND STEMS

Question 1

Types of Roots

Answer 1

 there are two types; tap roots and fibrous roots
Tap Roots(dicots) ➜large main central root with many short side branches
Fibrous Roots (monocots)➜ large number of relatively equal sized roots arise from
the base of the plant immediately below the ground

Question 2

Basic info about roots

what are there functions?

Answer 2

Roots
 hidden below the ground
 are usually larger than the entire above ground system

Functions
 to absorb water and nutrients from the soil
 support and anchor the plant

Question 3

what is the role of stem for vascular plants

what is the functions

Answer 3

Stems
 are the shoots of the vascular plants

Functions
 provide support for the above-ground portion of the plant
 link the roots with the leaves

Question 4

Compare and contrast the stems dicots and monocots

Answer 4

 stems of herbaceous plants are soft and bend easily, whereas woody plants
have hard stems and do not bend easily (this is because they are composed
almost entirely of dead xylem, which is very strong)
that is why they can grow over 100 m tall

 in woody plants, the xylem and phloem tissues form complete rings

Question 5

Compare and contrast the stems dicots and monocots

Answer 5

Stem sof herbaceous plants are soft and bend easily

stems of woody plants are hard and do not bend easily (this is due to all the dead xylem)

Question 6

In woody plants do the xylem and phloem form complete rings?

Answer 6

yes

Question 7

What is the zone of maturation in the root structure

Answer 7

the zone of maturation, where the cells differentiate and mature

Question 8

Which region of the root structure is responsible for rapid mitosis within the root cell and what is it protected by

Answer 8

apical meristem which is protected by a root cap

Question 9

what is behind the apical meristem in the diagram of a root

and then define what it is

Answer 9

• behind the apical meristem is a zone of elongation, where newly divided cells from the meristem increase in length to force the root tip deeper into the soil.

Question 10

What the importance of root hairs within the root structure

Answer 10

 the epidermal cells (outer layer) of the root develop root hairs (increases surface area available for absorption of water and water-soluble minerals)

Question 11

Why are Woody plants able to grow over to 100M

Answer 11

Because of their strong base filled with dead xylem cells that gives the woody plant structure