Rock types Flashcards
What are the 3 types of rock
Igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic
how are igneous rocks formed
Formed from magma > pushed up through the crust (Often out through the volcanoes)
Contain various minerals in randomly arranged interlocking crystals
Large crystals - cooled slowly
Small crystals - cooled quickly
Basalt (extrusive)
granite (intrusive)
How are sedimentary rocks formed
Formed from layers of sediment over lakes or seas over millions of years OR when water evaporates leaves a dissolved solid behind. Layers are cemented by other minerals. Fossils can form in sediments
sedimentary rock examples - limestone
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Heat and pressure acting on rocks over long period of time
May have tiny crystals and some layers
What are rocks made out of
Minerals
What are minerals made out of
elements and compounds
Give the labels for the minerals
Elements - Oxygen, silicon
Compound - Silicon dioxide
Minerals - quartz (1cm)
Rocks - Granite (5cm)
