Risks and benefits of orthodontics

Question 1

3 general benefits in orthodontics

Answer 1

Improvement in
* facial and dental appearance
* function
* Dental health

Question 2

What are the psychological benefits of orthodontics?

Answer 2

Correction of severe malocclusion that affect facial profile can improve self-esteem and lead to improvement in quality of life

Question 3

A patient with a TMD problem wants ortho , how can this be managed?

Answer 3

• Orthodontic treatment can only be offered to patients with TMD after conservative treatment only because orthodontic treatment can worsen existing TMD ( for example using intermaxillary elastics)

Question 4

List 5 dental anomalies and the problems that can be associated with them if not corrected by orthodontics?

Answer 4

• Missing or ectopic teeth - root resorption and cyst formation
• Increased overjets more than 6mm - upper incisor trauma
• Crossbites ( with displacement) - toothwear and gingival recession
• Crowding - higher risk of caries and periodontal disease
• Overbites - Trauma and gingival damage

Question 5

4 main risks of orthodontic treatment?

Answer 5

• Decalcification
• Root resorption
• Relapse
• Soft tissue trauma and gingival recession

Question 6

Other than the decalcification, root resorption, soft tissue trauma and relapse - list 4 other risks of ortho?

Answer 6

• Failure of treatment
• Recession
• Loss of periodontal ligament
• Toothwear
• Allergy

Question 7

4 ways to prevent decalcification during orthodontic treatment?

Answer 7

• Careful case selection ( low caries risk, Good OH )
• Oral hygiene instructions
• Diet advice
• Fluoride applications

Question 8

What is the average root resorption from orthodontics over 2 years?

Answer 8

1mm

Question 9

How many of cases get severe root resorption?

Answer 9

1-5%

Question 10

4 factors that increase the risk of root resorption during orthodontics?

Answer 10

• Type of tooth movement
• Root form
• Previous trauma
• Nail biting

Question 11

What 4 types of movements cause the most root resorption?

Answer 11

• Prolonged and high forces
• Intrusion
• Root movements
• Large movements

Question 12

Name these root forms ?

Answer 12

Short - blunt - apical bend - pipette shape

Question 13

What is relapse?

Answer 13

the return of the features of the original malocclusion following correction

Question 14

7 features that are more prone to relapse?

Answer 14

• Lower incisor crowding
• Instanding upper 2s
• Class II div 2
• Reduced periodontal support and short roots
• Spaces and distemas
• Rotations
• Anterior open bites

Question 15

3 factors relating to the clinician that can lead to poor or failed orthodontic treatment?

Answer 15

• Poor diagnosis
• Poor treatment planning
• Poor technique

Question 16

2 factors relating to the patient that may lead to failure of ortho treatment

Answer 16

• Unfavourable growth
• Poor cooperation with compliance wearand care , attendance

Question 17

What factors can increase the success rate of othodontic tx?

Answer 17

• Severity of malocclusion
• Motivation of patient
• Operator expertise