Dental anomalies Flashcards
1
Q
What dental anomaly is associated with number of teeth?
A
Hypodontia
2
Q
What is the most tooth affected by hypodontina? and what are the two teeth least likely to be affected by hypodontia?
A
- 3rd molars
- FPM and upper centrals
3
Q
List 5 conditions that are associated with hypodontia?
A
- Ectodermal dysplasia
- Down syndrome
- Cleft palate
- Hurler’s syndrome
- Incontinentia pigmentii
4
Q
What tooth can over-erupt and cause restorative problems when upper lateral incisors are missing?
A
Lower canines
5
Q
4 problems associated with hypodontia?
A
- Deep overbite
- Reduced lower face height
- Spacing
- Submergence
6
Q
4 tx options for hypodontia?
A
- Overdenture
- Partial dentures
- Porcelain veneers
- Fixed prosthesis
- Implants
7
Q
What disease have a higher frequency of supernumeraries?
A
Cleidocranial dysplasia
8
Q
What are the 4 types of supernumerary teeth?
A
- Conical - cone shaped
- Tuberculate - barrel shaped
- Supplemental - additional normal morphology
- Odontome - irregular mass of dental hard tissue , can be compound or complex
9
Q
What is the most common cause of delayed eruption of permanent incisor teeth?
A
Supernumerary teeth
10
Q
7 anomalies of size and shape?
A
- Microdontia - peg shaped laterals
- Macrodontia
- Double teeth - gemination or fusion
- Odontomes
- Taurodontism - flame shaped pulp
- Accessory cusps - talon cusp
- Dilaceration of root or crown
11
Q
What is this?
A
Peg shaped lateral incisor
12
Q
What is this?
A
Talon cusp
13
Q
What is this?
A
Dens in dente
14
Q
What is this?
A
Double tooth
15
Q
4 anomalies of root structure?
A
- Short root anomaly
- Radiotherapy
- Dentine dysplasias
- Accessory roots
16
Q
3 anomalies of enamel structure?
A
- Amelogenesis imperfecta
- Environmental enamel hypoplasia
- Localied enamel hypoplasia
17
Q
4 types of amelogenesis imperfecta?
A
- Hypoplastic
- Hypocalcified
- Hypomaturational
- Mixed with taurodontism
18
Q
How would you describe enamel in this picture?
A
Hypomineralised
19
Q
4 causes of environmental enamel hypoplasia?
A
- Systemic
- Nutritional
- Metabolic - liver disease + Rhesus incompatibility
- Infections such as measles
20
Q
2 causes of localised enamel hypoplasia?
A
- Trauma
- Infection to primary tooth - caries then abscess
21
Q
two generalised hard tissue defect due to environmental causes?
A
- MIH
- Fluorosis
22
Q
3 tx options for Fluorosis?
A
- using microabrasion
- veneers
- Vital bleaching
23
Q
Prenatal disease that can cause generalised enamel defects?
A
- Rubella
- Congenital syphilis
- Fluoride
- Cardiac and kidney disease
24
Q
Two neonatal conditions that can cause enamel defects?
A
- Prematurity
- Meningitis
25
4 post natal conditions that can cause enamel defects?
* Otitis media
* Measles
* Chicken pox
* Organ failure
26
Deficiency in which vitamins can cause enamel defects?
A
C
D
27
What is the main cause of amelogenesis imperfecta?
* Genetics ; autosomal dominant , recessive and X linked
28
What is important in diagnosis amelogensis imperfecta?
* Family history
* Affects both dentitions
* Affects tooth structure, colour and size
* Radiographic appearance
29
What 3 enamel extracellular molecules are affected in amelogensis imperfecta?
* Amelogenin
* Enamelin
* Kallikrein 4
30
Describe the hypoplastic type of amelogenesis imperfecta?
* Enamel crystals do not grow to the correct length
31
Describe the hypomineralised type of amelogensis imperfecta?
* Enamel crystals do not grow to the full thickness or width
32
Describe hypomaturational amelogenesis imperfecta?
Enamel crystals grow to complete length but incomplete width and is hypomineralised
33
5 problems associated with amelogensis imperfecta?
* Sensitivity
* Caries and acid susceptibility
* Poor aesthetics
* Poor oral hygiene
* Anterior open bite
34
5 tx options for amelogenesis imperfecta?
* SSC / metal onlays
* Composite veneers or wash
* Prevention
* Orthodontics
* FS
35
What is this?
Amelogenesis imperfecta
36
4 anomalies affecting the structure of dentine?
* Dentinogenesis imperfecta
* Dentine dysplasia
* Odontodyplasia
* Systemic disturbance such as nutrition, metabolic or drugs
37
Describe dentine dysplasia ?
* normal crown morphology with amber radiolucency
* Pulpal obliteration
* Short constricted roots
38
Explain odotodysplasia
* localised arrest in tooth development
* Thin layers of enamel and dentine
* Large pulp chambers
39
How can odotodysplasia teeth often described as?
Ghost teeth
40
What are the 3 types of dentinogenesis imperfecta?
* Type I - osteogenesis imperfecta
* Type II - autosomal dominant
* Brandywine
41
3 radiographic signs of dentinogensis imperfecta?
* Bulbous crowns
* Obliterated pulps ( type 1 and 2)
* Enamel loss
* Abscess formation
42
What happens to the eyes in osteogenesis imperfecta?
* Eye sclera present
43
What is this?
Dentinogenesis imperfecta associated with osteogenesis imperfecta
44
4 problems of dentinogenesis imperfecta?
* Aesthetics
* Caries and susceptibility to acid
* Abscess formation spontaneously
45
4 tx options for dentinogenesis imperfecta?
* Prevention
* Composite veneers
* Overdentures
* Bridgework
* SSC
46
Name three conditions affecting only dentine structure with no systemic involvement ?
* Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II
* Dentine dysplasia Type 1 and 2
* Fibrous dysplasia of dentine
47
4 systemic conditions associated with dentine defects?
* Rickets
* Hypophosphatasia
* OSteogenesis imperfecta
* Ehlers-danlos syndrome
48
2 conditions associated with cementum structure anomalies?
* Cleidocranial dysplasia
* Hypophosphatasia
49
How does cleidogcranial dysplasia affect cementum structure?
* Hypoplasia of cellular component of cementum
50
How does hypophosphatasia affect cementum structure?
* Hypoplasia or aplasia of cementum
* Early loss of primary teeth
51
3 causes of premature eruption of teeth?
* High birth weight
* Precocious puberty
* Natal and neonatal teeth
52
4 reasons for delayed eruption?
* Pre-tern and low birth-weight
* Malnutrition
* Systemic disease
* Gingival overgrowth
53
What are systemic disease associated with delayed eruption of teeth?
* Hypothyroidism
* Cleidocranial dysplasia
* Hypopituitaarism
* Down's syndrome
54
What can cause premature exfoliation? Give 5 causes
* Trauma
* Following pulpotomy
* Hypophosphatasia
* Immunological deficiency
* Histocytosis X
55
What 4 things that can cause delayed exfoliation?
* Infra-occlusion
* Double primary teeth
* Hypodontia
* Ectopic permanent successors
* Trauma
56
