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BDS4 > Dental anomalies > Flashcards

Dental anomalies Flashcards

1
Q

What dental anomaly is associated with number of teeth?

A

Hypodontia

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2
Q

What is the most tooth affected by hypodontina? and what are the two teeth least likely to be affected by hypodontia?

A
  • 3rd molars
  • FPM and upper centrals
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3
Q

List 5 conditions that are associated with hypodontia?

A
  • Ectodermal dysplasia
  • Down syndrome
  • Cleft palate
  • Hurler’s syndrome
  • Incontinentia pigmentii
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4
Q

What tooth can over-erupt and cause restorative problems when upper lateral incisors are missing?

A

Lower canines

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5
Q

4 problems associated with hypodontia?

A
  • Deep overbite
  • Reduced lower face height
  • Spacing
  • Submergence
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6
Q

4 tx options for hypodontia?

A
  • Overdenture
  • Partial dentures
  • Porcelain veneers
  • Fixed prosthesis
  • Implants
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7
Q

What disease have a higher frequency of supernumeraries?

A

Cleidocranial dysplasia

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8
Q

What are the 4 types of supernumerary teeth?

A
  • Conical - cone shaped
  • Tuberculate - barrel shaped
  • Supplemental - additional normal morphology
  • Odontome - irregular mass of dental hard tissue , can be compound or complex
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9
Q

What is the most common cause of delayed eruption of permanent incisor teeth?

A

Supernumerary teeth

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10
Q

7 anomalies of size and shape?

A
  • Microdontia - peg shaped laterals
  • Macrodontia
  • Double teeth - gemination or fusion
  • Odontomes
  • Taurodontism - flame shaped pulp
  • Accessory cusps - talon cusp
  • Dilaceration of root or crown
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11
Q

What is this?

A

Peg shaped lateral incisor

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12
Q

What is this?

A

Talon cusp

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13
Q

What is this?

A

Dens in dente

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14
Q

What is this?

A

Double tooth

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15
Q

4 anomalies of root structure?

A
  • Short root anomaly
  • Radiotherapy
  • Dentine dysplasias
  • Accessory roots
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16
Q

3 anomalies of enamel structure?

A
  • Amelogenesis imperfecta
  • Environmental enamel hypoplasia
  • Localied enamel hypoplasia
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17
Q

4 types of amelogenesis imperfecta?

A
  • Hypoplastic
  • Hypocalcified
  • Hypomaturational
  • Mixed with taurodontism
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18
Q

How would you describe enamel in this picture?

A

Hypomineralised

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19
Q

4 causes of environmental enamel hypoplasia?

A
  • Systemic
  • Nutritional
  • Metabolic - liver disease + Rhesus incompatibility
  • Infections such as measles
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20
Q

2 causes of localised enamel hypoplasia?

A
  • Trauma
  • Infection to primary tooth - caries then abscess
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21
Q

two generalised hard tissue defect due to environmental causes?

A
  • MIH
  • Fluorosis
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22
Q

3 tx options for Fluorosis?

A
  • using microabrasion
  • veneers
  • Vital bleaching
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23
Q

Prenatal disease that can cause generalised enamel defects?

A
  • Rubella
  • Congenital syphilis
  • Fluoride
  • Cardiac and kidney disease
24
Q

Two neonatal conditions that can cause enamel defects?

A
  • Prematurity
  • Meningitis
25
Q

4 post natal conditions that can cause enamel defects?

A
  • Otitis media
  • Measles
  • Chicken pox
  • Organ failure
26
Q

Deficiency in which vitamins can cause enamel defects?

A

A
C
D

27
Q

What is the main cause of amelogenesis imperfecta?

A
  • Genetics ; autosomal dominant , recessive and X linked
28
Q

What is important in diagnosis amelogensis imperfecta?

A
  • Family history
  • Affects both dentitions
  • Affects tooth structure, colour and size
  • Radiographic appearance
29
Q

What 3 enamel extracellular molecules are affected in amelogensis imperfecta?

A
  • Amelogenin
  • Enamelin
  • Kallikrein 4
30
Q

Describe the hypoplastic type of amelogenesis imperfecta?

A
  • Enamel crystals do not grow to the correct length
31
Q

Describe the hypomineralised type of amelogensis imperfecta?

A
  • Enamel crystals do not grow to the full thickness or width
32
Q

Describe hypomaturational amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

Enamel crystals grow to complete length but incomplete width and is hypomineralised

33
Q

5 problems associated with amelogensis imperfecta?

A
  • Sensitivity
  • Caries and acid susceptibility
  • Poor aesthetics
  • Poor oral hygiene
  • Anterior open bite
34
Q

5 tx options for amelogenesis imperfecta?

A
  • SSC / metal onlays
  • Composite veneers or wash
  • Prevention
  • Orthodontics
  • FS
35
Q

What is this?

A

Amelogenesis imperfecta

36
Q

4 anomalies affecting the structure of dentine?

A
  • Dentinogenesis imperfecta
  • Dentine dysplasia
  • Odontodyplasia
  • Systemic disturbance such as nutrition, metabolic or drugs
37
Q

Describe dentine dysplasia ?

A
  • normal crown morphology with amber radiolucency
  • Pulpal obliteration
  • Short constricted roots
38
Q

Explain odotodysplasia

A
  • localised arrest in tooth development
  • Thin layers of enamel and dentine
  • Large pulp chambers
39
Q

How can odotodysplasia teeth often described as?

A

Ghost teeth

40
Q

What are the 3 types of dentinogenesis imperfecta?

A
  • Type I - osteogenesis imperfecta
  • Type II - autosomal dominant
  • Brandywine
41
Q

3 radiographic signs of dentinogensis imperfecta?

A
  • Bulbous crowns
  • Obliterated pulps ( type 1 and 2)
  • Enamel loss
  • Abscess formation
42
Q

What happens to the eyes in osteogenesis imperfecta?

A
  • Eye sclera present
43
Q

What is this?

A

Dentinogenesis imperfecta associated with osteogenesis imperfecta

44
Q

4 problems of dentinogenesis imperfecta?

A
  • Aesthetics
  • Caries and susceptibility to acid
  • Abscess formation spontaneously
45
Q

4 tx options for dentinogenesis imperfecta?

A
  • Prevention
  • Composite veneers
  • Overdentures
  • Bridgework
  • SSC
46
Q

Name three conditions affecting only dentine structure with no systemic involvement ?

A
  • Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II
  • Dentine dysplasia Type 1 and 2
  • Fibrous dysplasia of dentine
47
Q

4 systemic conditions associated with dentine defects?

A
  • Rickets
  • Hypophosphatasia
  • OSteogenesis imperfecta
  • Ehlers-danlos syndrome
48
Q

2 conditions associated with cementum structure anomalies?

A
  • Cleidocranial dysplasia
  • Hypophosphatasia
49
Q

How does cleidogcranial dysplasia affect cementum structure?

A
  • Hypoplasia of cellular component of cementum
50
Q

How does hypophosphatasia affect cementum structure?

A
  • Hypoplasia or aplasia of cementum
  • Early loss of primary teeth
51
Q

3 causes of premature eruption of teeth?

A
  • High birth weight
  • Precocious puberty
  • Natal and neonatal teeth
52
Q

4 reasons for delayed eruption?

A
  • Pre-tern and low birth-weight
  • Malnutrition
  • Systemic disease
  • Gingival overgrowth
53
Q

What are systemic disease associated with delayed eruption of teeth?

A
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Cleidocranial dysplasia
  • Hypopituitaarism
  • Down’s syndrome
54
Q

What can cause premature exfoliation? Give 5 causes

A
  • Trauma
  • Following pulpotomy
  • Hypophosphatasia
  • Immunological deficiency
  • Histocytosis X
55
Q

What 4 things that can cause delayed exfoliation?

A
  • Infra-occlusion
  • Double primary teeth
  • Hypodontia
  • Ectopic permanent successors
  • Trauma
56
Q
A

BDS4 (68 decks)

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