RESPIRATION Flashcards
What type of reaction is aerobic respiration?
Exothermic
What is the equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water + energy
Where do most aerobic reactions take place?
In the mitochondria.
Why does respiration need to occur?
Need energy to carry out the basic functions of life.
To make muscles contract.
To maintain a constant internal body temperature.
(In plants) energy from respiration is transferred to move mineral ions such as nitrates from the soil into root hair cells.
What changes happen in your body when you exercise?
Heart rate increases and the arteries supplying blood to your muscles dilate (widen)
Breathing rage increases
Glycogen stored in muscles is converted back into glucose.
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration?
Glucose —> lactic acid + energy.
What is one cause of muscle fatigue?
The build up of lactic acid.
What is the oxygen debt?
The amount of oxygen needed to break down the lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water.
What is the equation for oxygen debt repayment?
Lactic acid + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water.
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in other organisms?
Glucose —> ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy
What is anaerobic respiration in yeast known as?
Fermentation.
What is the reaction of respiration an example of?
Metabolic reactions.
What are the metabolic functions of the liver?
Detoxifying poisonous substances such as ethanol from alcoholic drinks.
Passing the breakdown products into the blood so they can be excreted in the urine via the kidneys.
Breaking down old, worn out blood cells and storing the iron until it is needed to synthesise more blood cells.
How does the liver deal with lactic acid?
Blood transports the lactic acid to the liver where it converts it back into glucose. If it isn’t needed it may be converted to glycogen and stored in the liver until it is needed.
What is metabolism?
A sum of all the reactions in the body.
