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Biology > ORGANISING ANIMALS AND PLANTS > Flashcards

ORGANISING ANIMALS AND PLANTS Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the aorta?

A

The artery that leaves the heart from the left ventricle and carries oxygenated blood to the body.

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2
Q

What are arteries?

A

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. They usually carry oxygenated blood and have a pulse.

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3
Q

What is the atria?

A

The upper chambers of the heart.

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4
Q

What are capillaries?

A

The smallest blood vessels. They run between individual cells and have a wall that is only one cell thick.

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5
Q

What are the coronary arteries?

A

The blood vessels that supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscles.

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6
Q

What is a double circulatory system?

A

The circulation of blood from the heart to the lungs is separate form the circulation of blood from the Betsy to the rest of the body.

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7
Q

What is the epidermal?

A

The name given to the cells that make up the epidermis layer of an organism.

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8
Q

What are guard cells?

A

Surround the stomata in the leaves of plants and control their opening and closing.

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9
Q

What is haemoglobin?

A

The red pigment that carries oxygen around the body in the red blood cells.

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10
Q

What is the palisade mesophyll?

A

The upper layer of mesophyll tissue in plant leaves made up of closely lacked cells that contain many chloroplasts for photosynthesis.

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11
Q

What is the phloem?

A

The living transport tissue in plants that carries dissolved food (sugars) around the plant.

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12
Q

What is the plasma?

A

The clear yellow liquid part of the blood that carries dissolved substances and blood around the body.

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13
Q

What are platelets?

A

Fragments of cells in the blood that play a vital role in the clotting mechanism of the blood.

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14
Q

What is the pulmonary artery?

A

The large blood vessel that takes deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs.

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15
Q

What is the pulmonary vein?

A

The large blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the left atrium of the heart.

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16
Q

What are red blood cells?

A

Biconcave cells that contain the red pigment haemoglobin and carry oxygen around the body in the blood.

17
Q

What is spongy mesophyll?

A

The lower layer of mesophyll tissue in plant leaves that contain some chloroplasts and many large air spaces to give a big surface area for the exchange of gases.

18
Q

What are statins?

A

Drugs used to lower blood cholesterol levels and improve the balance of high to low density lipoproteins in the blood.

19
Q

What is a stent?

A

A metal mesh placed in a blocked or partially blocked artery. they are used to open up the blood vessel by the inflation on a tiny balloon.

20
Q

What is translocation?

A

The movement of sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant through the phloem.

21
Q

What is transpiration?

A

The loss of water vapour from the leaves of plants through the stomata when they are opened to allow gas exchange for photosynthesis. It involves evaporation from the surface of the cells and diffusion through the stomata.

22
Q

What is urea?

A

The waste product formed by the breakdown of excess amino acids in the liver.

23
Q

What are veins?

A

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. They usually carry deoxygenated blood and have valves to prevent the backflow of blood.

24
Q

What is the vena cava?

A

The large vein that brings deoxygenated blood from the body into the heart.

25
Q

What are the ventricles?

A

Chambers of the heart that contracts to force blood out of the heart.

26
Q

What are white blood cells?

A

Blood cells involved in the immune system of the body. They engulf pathogens and make antibodies and antitoxins.

27
Q

What is the xylem?

A

The non-living transport tissue in plants that transports water from the roots to the leaves and shoots.

Biology (47 decks)

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