Respiration Flashcards
What’s external respiration? Where does it take place in mammals?
Process by which organisms exchange gases with their environment. In lungs.
What’s internal respiration?
Controlled by release of energy from food
What food is usually involved in internal respiration?
Glucose
When ATP breaks down it?
Supplies energy (for all the metabolic reactions in the cell)
What % of the energy used in glucose is converted to ATP during aerobic respiration?
40%
Give equation to represent aerobic respiration.
C H O + 6O —> 6CO + 6H O + energy
6 12 6 2 enzymes 2 2
(glucose) (oxygen) (carbon dioxide) (water) (ATP)
How many stages are involved in aerobic respiration?
2
What is cytosol?
Cytoplasm minus organelles
What’s aerobic respiration?
The controlled release of energy from food using oxygen
What’s anaerobic respiration?
The controlled release of energy from food without the use of oxygen
What’s fermentation?
Another name for anaerobic respiration?
Another name for anaerobic respiration is?
Fermentation
Give a difference between anaerobic and aerobic.
Less energy in anaerobic respiration
Lactic acid forms when we’re short of oxygen, give 3 causes of being short of oxygen.
1) vigorous exercise
2) choking
3) asthma
When someone rests where does lactic acid go, how does it get there and what happens it?
Taken to the liver by the blood and broken down
Describe what happens in alcohol fermentation.
Three-carbon molecules are converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide
What’s biotechnology?
The use of living things and their components to make useful products or carry out useful reactions
What’s a bioreactor?
A vessel which the biological reactions take place in
What are stage 1 reactions called?
Glycolysis
What’s glycolysis?
Glucose broken down into 2 pyruvic acid
Give 3 points in glycolysis?
1) glucose is broken
2) energy is released
3) NADH is formed
