resp 615 - 621

Question 1

name 4 types of pneumothorax

Answer 1

primary spontaneous
secondary spontaneous
traumatic
tension

Question 2

clinical symptoms of pneumothorax?

Answer 2

unilateral chest pain
dyspnea
unilateral chest expansion
dec tactile fremitus
hyperresonancy
diminished breath sounds

Question 3

what type of pneumothorax is due to rupture of apical blebs or cysts?

Answer 3

primary spontaneous

Question 4

what type of pleural effusion is also known as chylothorax?

Answer 4

lymphatic pleural effusion

Question 5

2 causes of lymphatic (chylothorax) effusions?

Answer 5

duct injury from trauma, malignancy

Question 6

what content is high in chylothorax?

Answer 6

TG

Question 7

what type of familial dyslipidemias also have inc TG?

Answer 7

type 1 (high chylomicrons), type 4 (high VLDL)

Question 8

what resp drug is M3 agonist?

Answer 8

methacholine

Question 9

what is an antitussive that antagonizes NMDA glutamate receptor?

Answer 9

dextromethorphan

Question 10

what is a synthetic codeine analog?

Answer 10

dextromethorphan

Question 11

name 4 2nd generation H1 blockers?

Answer 11

loratadine, fexofenadine, desloratadine, cetirizine

Question 12

name 3 1st generation H1 blockers

Answer 12

diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, chlorpheniramine

Question 13

name 3 anaerobes that can cause lung abscess

Answer 13

bacteriodes, fusobacterium, peptostreptococcus

Question 14

3 severe consequences of sup. vena cava syndrome

Answer 14

headaches
dizziness
inc risk of aneurysm/rupture of intracranial arteries

Question 15

name 3 bugs that cause lobar pneumonia

Answer 15

S. pneumoniae (95%)
Legionella
Klebsiella

Question 16

what is bronochopneumonia?

Answer 16

acute inflammatory infiltrates from bronchioles into adjacent alveoli, patchy distribution involving more than 1 lobe

Question 17

4 bugs that cause bronchopneumonia?

Answer 17

S. pneumoniae
S. aureus
H. influenza
Klebsiella

Question 18

name 7 agents that cause interstitial (atypical) pneumonia

Answer 18

Viruses

influenza, CMV, RSV, adenoviruses

Mycoplasma, Legionella, Chlamydia

Question 19

treatment for lung abscess?

Answer 19

clindamycin

Question 20

what lung path can cause sensorimotor deficit and hoarsness?

Answer 20

pancoast tumor (superior sulcus tumor)

Question 21

5 risk factors for lung cancer

Answer 21

smoking, second hand smoking, radon, asbestos, family hx

Question 22

name 5 complications of lung cancer

Answer 22

superior vena cava syndrome
pancoast tumor
horner syndrome
endocrine (paraneoplastic)
recurrent laryngeal nerve compression (hoarseness)
effusions (pleural or pericardia)

Question 23

what lung cancer is associated with kulchitsky cells (small dark blue cells)?

Answer 23

small cell carcinoma

Question 24

what lung cancers are + chromogranin A?

Answer 24

small cell

bronchial carcinoid tumor

Question 25

what lung cancer is associated with myc oncogene amplification?

Answer 25

small cell

Question 26

small cell carcinoma of the lung can produce 2 types of antibodies, what are they?

Answer 26

1. Ab against presynaptic Ca2+

2. Ab against neuron that can lead to paraneoplastic myelitis/encephalitis

Question 27

cancer dx?

pleomorphic giant cells
inc B-hCG

Answer 27

adenocarinoma