micro p 147-151

Question 1

what fungus is described to have “pseudohyphae?”

Answer 1

Candida albicans

Question 2

what fungus is described to have “narrow-base unequal budding yeast with wide capsular halo?”

Answer 2

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 3

what fungus is described to have “septate hyphae?”

Answer 3

Aspergillus fumigatus

Question 4

which fungus is not dimorphic (always yeast not mold in cold)?

Answer 4

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 5

what agar is used to culture Cryptococcus neoformans?

Answer 5

Sabouraud agar

Question 6

name 4 pathologic conditions associated with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis?

Answer 6

asthma, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, eosinophilia

Question 7

what are red granules seen throughout RBC cytoplasm in P vivax/ovale?

Answer 7

Schuffner stippling

Question 8

for life threatening malaria infection, what is the treatment?

Answer 8

IV quinidine or artesunate

Question 9

what is the DOC for sensitive malaria species?

Answer 9

Chloroquine

Question 10

what is the mech of Chloroquine?

Answer 10

blocks Plasmodium heme polymerase

Question 11

if resistant to Chloroquine, what drug would you give?

Answer 11

mefloquine or atovaquone/proguanil

Question 12

DOC for Babesia?

Answer 12

atovaquone + azithromycin

Question 13

bug that causes fever, hemolytic anemia, predominantly in northeastern US

Answer 13

Babesiosis (Babesia)

Question 14

what is the most common way to get Toxoplasma gondi?

Answer 14

ingesting cysts in meat

Question 15

DOC for toxo?

Answer 15

sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

Question 16

DOC for Trypanosoma brucei?

Answer 16

suramin for blood borne dz or melarsoprol for CNS penetration

Question 17

what is the vector for Trypanosoma brucei?

Answer 17

Tsetse fly (painful bite)

Question 18

what is the path associated with somnolence, coma, enlarged lymph nodes, recurring fever due to antigenic variation?

Answer 18

African sleeping sickness by Trypanosoma brucei

Question 19

which malaria species has the dormant form in liver and what is the dormant form called?

Answer 19

P. vivax/ovale, called hypnozoite

Question 20

to kill hypnozoite what drug should be used? also before using the drug, what path must be tested?

Answer 20

primaquine (test for G6PD def)

Question 21

what organs are affected by severe P. falciparum infection?

Answer 21

1. Cerebral (parasitized RBCs occlude capillaries in brain)
2. Kidneys
3. Lungs

Question 22

which malaria species has 72 hr cycle?

Answer 22

P. malariae

Question 23

which malaria is responsible for causing fever on first day and third day?

Answer 23

P. vivax/ovale

Question 24

name of the mosquito that spreads Malaria?

Answer 24

Anopheles

Question 25

name the bug associated with “flask-shaped” ulcer?

Answer 25

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 26

what is the diagnosis for Giardia lamblia?

Answer 26

Trophozoites or cysts in stool

Question 27

what bug is associated with “cart wheel distribution of chromatin in the nucleus?

Answer 27

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 28

what bug is associated with oocyts on acid-fast stain?

Answer 28

Cryptosporidium

Question 29

Prevention and DOC for cryptosporidium?

Answer 29

prevention by filtering city water supplies and give nitazoxanide in immunocompetent host

Question 30

what bug causes “ascending lymphangitis (local pustule/ulcer with nodules along draining lymphatics)?”

Answer 30

Sporothrix schenckii

Question 31

what bug is associated with “cigar shaped budding yeast?”

Answer 31

Sporothrix schenckii

Question 32

what are the 2 DOC for Pneumocystis jirovecii prophylaxis?

Answer 32

dapson, atovaquone

Question 33

what stain would you use for Pneumocystis jirovecii?

Answer 33

methenamine silver stain

Question 34

bug that looks like “disc shaped yest?”

Answer 34

Pneumocystis jirovecii