mcro p172-176

Question 1

pathogen responsible for day care outbreak and pseudoappendicitis?

Answer 1

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 2

pathogen responsible for asymptomatic rose-colored macules on body after several days of high fever which may present with febrile seizures affecting infants?

Answer 2

HHV-6 (Roseola, exanthem subitum)

Question 3

what is the rash pattern in Measles?

Answer 3

Beginning at head and moving down

Question 4

what is another name for Measles?

Answer 4

Rubeola

Question 5

main symptoms of Measles?

Answer 5

rash is preceded by cough, coryza, conjunctivitis and blue-white (Koplik spots) on buccal mucosa

Question 6

What is another name for Roseola?

Answer 6

Exanthem subitum by HHV 6

Question 7

what pathogen causes rash that begins on trunk?

Answer 7

VZV (chickenpox)

Question 8

describe the rash and pattern in chicken pox?

Answer 8

vesicular rash that begins on trunk that spreads to face and extremities with lesions of diff ages

Question 9

what pathogen is associated with “postauricular lymphadenopathy?”

Answer 9

Rubella

Question 10

what is another name for Rubella?

Answer 10

German measles

Question 11

how is the calcification pattern different between Toxoplasma gondi and CMV in neonates?

Answer 11

intracranial calcification in Toxo, periventricular calcification in CMV

Question 12

what are the two syphilis stages that can result in fetal infection?

Answer 12

primary (Chancre) and secondary (disseminated rash)

Question 13

what pathogen is responsible for short maxilla in neonate?

Answer 13

Syphilis

Question 14

neonate is born with bulging fontanels (inflated skull), most likely pathogen?

Answer 14

Toxoplasma gondii

Question 15

what pathogens can cause blueberry muffin rash?

Answer 15

Toxo, Rubella, CMV

Question 16

neonate is presented with chronic diarrhea and recurrent infection?

Answer 16

HIV

Question 17

what is the primary cause for UTI in general?

Answer 17

ascension of microbes from urethra to bladder

Question 18

what is the primary cause of UTI for males?

Answer 18

1. infants with congenital defects

2. vesicoureteral refulx?

Question 19

what is the primary cause of UTI in elderly?

Answer 19

enlarged prostate

Question 20

what path is associated with WBC cast, fever, chills, flank pain, and costovertebral angle?

Answer 20

pyelonephritis (gives you systemic symptoms)

Question 21

UTI is 10 times more common in women why?

Answer 21

shorter urethras colonized by fecal flora

Question 22

name all the predisposing factors for UTI

Answer 22

obstruction, kidney surgery, catheterization, GU malformation, diabetes, pregnancy

Question 23

which vaginal infection gives your normal pH (4 - 5)?

Answer 23

Candida vulvovaginitis

Question 24

which vaginal infection is non-inflammatory?

Answer 24

Bacterial vaginosis

Question 25

what is the lab finding of Candida?

Answer 25

pseudohyphae

Question 26

what is the lab finding of Bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 26

clue cells

Question 27

what is the name of pathogen for Bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 27

Gardnerella vaginalis

Question 28

most likely pathogen to cause osteomyelitis among pts with cats and dog bites?

Answer 28

Pasteurella multocida

Question 29

what is the 3rd leading cause of UTI with large mucoid capsule and viscous colonies?

Answer 29

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 30

what does positive leukocyte esterase tell you?

Answer 30

evidence of WBC activity

Question 31

what does positive nitrate test tell you?

Answer 31

reduction of urinary nitrates by bacterial species such as E. coli

Question 32

fungus associated with "desert bumps (erythema nodosum)?"

Answer 32

Coccidioidomycosis

Question 33

two pathogens associated with "stridor?"

Answer 33

B. Pertussis, Parainfluenza

Question 34

pathogen associated with "pink coalescing macules begin at head and move down?"

Answer 34

Rubella virus

Question 35

pathogen associated with "fine desquamating truncal rash?"

Answer 35

Rubella virus

Question 36

pathogen associated with "oval-shaped vesicles on palms and soles?"

Answer 36

Coxsackievirus type A

Question 37

what are the most common pathogens for osteomyelitis in IV drug abusers

Answer 37

Pseudomonas, Candida, S. aureus

Question 38

what is the best way to detect acute infection and detailing anatomic involvement for osteomyelitis?

Answer 38

MRI

Question 39

name 3 most common pathogens for meningitis among newborns (0-6 month)

Answer 39

1. Group B strep 2. E. coli 3. Listeria

Question 40

what is the most common pathogen for meningitis in general?

Answer 40

Strep pneumonia

Question 41

name 3 pathogens associated with alcoholic/IV drug user

Answer 41

Strep pneumonia Klebsiella S. aureus

Question 42

name 3 pathogens associated with post-viral infection?

Answer 42

S. aureus H. influenzae S. pneumoniae

Question 43

name all the pathogens associated with nosocomial (hospital acquired)

Answer 43

S. aureus, Pseudomonas, other enteric gram neg rods

Question 44

name 3 pathogens (bacteria) associated with atypical pneumonia?

Answer 44

Mycoplasma, Legionella, Chlamydia

Question 45

what toxins do Enterotoxigenic E. coli produce?

Answer 45

heat labile and heat stable toxins

Question 46

what are the most common 2 pathogens causing pneumonia in neonates (less than 4wk)

Answer 46

1. Group B strep | 2. E. coli

Question 47

what is the most common pathogen that causes pneumonia in children (4wk - 18 yr)?

Answer 47

Virus (RSV)

Question 48

what is the most common pathogen that causes pneumonia in adult (18 - 40 yr)?

Answer 48

Mycoplasma

Question 49

what is the most common pathogen that causes pneumonia in adults (40 - 65 yr)?

Answer 49

S. pneumoniae