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Step 1 Crush 250! - Hans > mcro p172-176 > Flashcards

mcro p172-176 Flashcards

1
Q

pathogen responsible for day care outbreak and pseudoappendicitis?

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

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2
Q

pathogen responsible for asymptomatic rose-colored macules on body after several days of high fever which may present with febrile seizures affecting infants?

A

HHV-6 (Roseola, exanthem subitum)

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3
Q

what is the rash pattern in Measles?

A

Beginning at head and moving down

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4
Q

what is another name for Measles?

A

Rubeola

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5
Q

main symptoms of Measles?

A

rash is preceded by cough, coryza, conjunctivitis and blue-white (Koplik spots) on buccal mucosa

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6
Q

What is another name for Roseola?

A

Exanthem subitum by HHV 6

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7
Q

what pathogen causes rash that begins on trunk?

A

VZV (chickenpox)

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8
Q

describe the rash and pattern in chicken pox?

A

vesicular rash that begins on trunk that spreads to face and extremities with lesions of diff ages

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9
Q

what pathogen is associated with “postauricular lymphadenopathy?”

A

Rubella

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10
Q

what is another name for Rubella?

A

German measles

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11
Q

how is the calcification pattern different between Toxoplasma gondi and CMV in neonates?

A

intracranial calcification in Toxo, periventricular calcification in CMV

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12
Q

what are the two syphilis stages that can result in fetal infection?

A

primary (Chancre) and secondary (disseminated rash)

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13
Q

what pathogen is responsible for short maxilla in neonate?

A

Syphilis

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14
Q

neonate is born with bulging fontanels (inflated skull), most likely pathogen?

A

Toxoplasma gondii

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15
Q

what pathogens can cause blueberry muffin rash?

A

Toxo, Rubella, CMV

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16
Q

neonate is presented with chronic diarrhea and recurrent infection?

A

HIV

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17
Q

what is the primary cause for UTI in general?

A

ascension of microbes from urethra to bladder

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18
Q

what is the primary cause of UTI for males?

A
  1. infants with congenital defects

2. vesicoureteral refulx?

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19
Q

what is the primary cause of UTI in elderly?

A

enlarged prostate

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20
Q

what path is associated with WBC cast, fever, chills, flank pain, and costovertebral angle?

A

pyelonephritis (gives you systemic symptoms)

21
Q

UTI is 10 times more common in women why?

A

shorter urethras colonized by fecal flora

22
Q

name all the predisposing factors for UTI

A

obstruction, kidney surgery, catheterization, GU malformation, diabetes, pregnancy

23
Q

which vaginal infection gives your normal pH (4 - 5)?

A

Candida vulvovaginitis

24
Q

which vaginal infection is non-inflammatory?

A

Bacterial vaginosis

25
Q

what is the lab finding of Candida?

A

pseudohyphae

26
Q

what is the lab finding of Bacterial vaginosis?

A

clue cells

27
Q

what is the name of pathogen for Bacterial vaginosis?

A

Gardnerella vaginalis

28
Q

most likely pathogen to cause osteomyelitis among pts with cats and dog bites?

A

Pasteurella multocida

29
Q

what is the 3rd leading cause of UTI with large mucoid capsule and viscous colonies?

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

30
Q

what does positive leukocyte esterase tell you?

A

evidence of WBC activity

31
Q

what does positive nitrate test tell you?

A

reduction of urinary nitrates by bacterial species such as E. coli

32
Q

fungus associated with “desert bumps (erythema nodosum)?”

A

Coccidioidomycosis

33
Q

two pathogens associated with “stridor?”

A

B. Pertussis, Parainfluenza

34
Q

pathogen associated with “pink coalescing macules begin at head and move down?”

A

Rubella virus

35
Q

pathogen associated with “fine desquamating truncal rash?”

A

Rubella virus

36
Q

pathogen associated with “oval-shaped vesicles on palms and soles?”

A

Coxsackievirus type A

37
Q

what are the most common pathogens for osteomyelitis in IV drug abusers

A

Pseudomonas, Candida, S. aureus

38
Q

what is the best way to detect acute infection and detailing anatomic involvement for osteomyelitis?

A

MRI

39
Q

name 3 most common pathogens for meningitis among newborns (0-6 month)

A
  1. Group B strep
  2. E. coli
  3. Listeria
40
Q

what is the most common pathogen for meningitis in general?

A

Strep pneumonia

41
Q

name 3 pathogens associated with alcoholic/IV drug user

A

Strep pneumonia
Klebsiella
S. aureus

42
Q

name 3 pathogens associated with post-viral infection?

A

S. aureus
H. influenzae
S. pneumoniae

43
Q

name all the pathogens associated with nosocomial (hospital acquired)

A

S. aureus, Pseudomonas, other enteric gram neg rods

44
Q

name 3 pathogens (bacteria) associated with atypical pneumonia?

A

Mycoplasma, Legionella, Chlamydia

45
Q

what toxins do Enterotoxigenic E. coli produce?

A

heat labile and heat stable toxins

46
Q

what are the most common 2 pathogens causing pneumonia in neonates (less than 4wk)

A
  1. Group B strep

2. E. coli

47
Q

what is the most common pathogen that causes pneumonia in children (4wk - 18 yr)?

A

Virus (RSV)

48
Q

what is the most common pathogen that causes pneumonia in adult (18 - 40 yr)?

A

Mycoplasma

49
Q

what is the most common pathogen that causes pneumonia in adults (40 - 65 yr)?

A

S. pneumoniae

Step 1 Crush 250! - Hans (41 decks)

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