micro p132-141

Question 1

anthrax capsule is made of

Answer 1

polypeptide capsule (D-glutamate)

Question 2

what is the preformed toxin produced by Baciluus cereus?

Answer 2

cereulide

Question 3

bug associated with granulomatosis infantiseptica and neonatal meningitis?

Answer 3

Listeria monocytogenes

Question 4

what is unique about Listeria as a gram positive organ?

Answer 4

only gram positive organism to produce endotoxin

Question 5

what organism give you TB like symptoms and get stained similar to TB?

Answer 5

Nocardia

Question 6

what is the treatment for Nocardia?

Answer 6

sulfonamide

Question 7

which TB test has fewer false positives from BCG vaccination?

Answer 7

Interferon gamma release assay

Question 8

what are the 2 roles of cord factor from TB?

Answer 8

1. inhibits macrophage maturation

2. induces release of TNF-alpha

Question 9

In TB, what inhibit phagolysosomal fusion?

Answer 9

sulfatides (surface glycolipids)

Question 10

what path is associated with infection of skin and superficial nerves that lead to “glove and stocking” loss of sensation?

Answer 10

Leprosy (Hansen dz)

Question 11

which type of leprosy is associated with low cell mediated immunity?

Answer 11

Lepromatous

Question 12

which type of leprosy is associated with cell mediated immunity?

Answer 12

Tuberculoid

Question 13

what type of immune response is upregulated in Lepromatous leprosy?

Answer 13

humoral Th2 response

Question 14

what type of immune response is upregulated in Tuberculoid leprosy?

Answer 14

cell mediated immunity with Th1 type immune response

Question 15

treatments for leprosy?

Answer 15

1. dapson, rifampin for Tuberculoid form

2. clofazimine is added for Lepromatous form

Question 16

where is actinomyces found?

Answer 16

normal oral flora

Question 17

explain how Nocardia can infect immunecompromised/immunecompetent person?

Answer 17

Nocardia causes pulmonary infections in immunocompromised and cutaneous infections after trauma in immunocompetent

Question 18

what enzyme breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose?

Answer 18

Beta galactosidase

Question 19

what agar would you use for lactose fermenters to grow as purple/black colonies?

Answer 19

EMB agar

Question 20

how would you distinguish EHEC from other E. coli?

Answer 20

EHEC does not ferment sorbitol

Question 21

name three gram negative bugs that are lactose nonfermenter and produce H2S?

Answer 21

salmonella, proteus, yersinia

Question 22

what bug does not produce H2S and is lactose nonfermenter?

Answer 22

shigella

Question 23

what agar is used to test H2S production?

Answer 23

TSI agar

Question 24

what bug is oxidase positive and also lactose nonfermenter?

Answer 24

Pseudomonas

Question 25

name all the oxidase neg, lactose nonfermenter?

Answer 25

salmonella, proteus, yersinia, shigella

Question 26

name all the lactose fermenter in gram neg?

Answer 26

klebsiella, E. coli, enterobacter, citrobacter, serratia

Question 27

how will the lactose fermenter show on MacConkey agar?

Answer 27

pick colonies

Question 28

name of the path that is rapidly progressive and has necrotic cutaneous lesion typically seen in immune compromised pts?

Answer 28

Ecthyma gangrenosum

Question 29

what bug is associated with “pseudoappendicitis?”

Answer 29

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 30

what is the name of the tick that causes Lyme dz?

Answer 30

Ixodes deer tick

Question 31

Ixodes deer tick is also a vector for what bug?

Answer 31

Anaplasma spp. and protozoa Babesia

Question 32

what is the natural reservoir for Lyme dz?

Answer 32

mouse

Question 33

what bug can be visualized by aniline dyes?

Answer 33

Borrelia