micro p132-141 Flashcards
anthrax capsule is made of
polypeptide capsule (D-glutamate)
what is the preformed toxin produced by Baciluus cereus?
cereulide
bug associated with granulomatosis infantiseptica and neonatal meningitis?
Listeria monocytogenes
what is unique about Listeria as a gram positive organ?
only gram positive organism to produce endotoxin
what organism give you TB like symptoms and get stained similar to TB?
Nocardia
what is the treatment for Nocardia?
sulfonamide
which TB test has fewer false positives from BCG vaccination?
Interferon gamma release assay
what are the 2 roles of cord factor from TB?
- inhibits macrophage maturation
2. induces release of TNF-alpha
In TB, what inhibit phagolysosomal fusion?
sulfatides (surface glycolipids)
what path is associated with infection of skin and superficial nerves that lead to “glove and stocking” loss of sensation?
Leprosy (Hansen dz)
which type of leprosy is associated with low cell mediated immunity?
Lepromatous
which type of leprosy is associated with cell mediated immunity?
Tuberculoid
what type of immune response is upregulated in Lepromatous leprosy?
humoral Th2 response
what type of immune response is upregulated in Tuberculoid leprosy?
cell mediated immunity with Th1 type immune response
treatments for leprosy?
- dapson, rifampin for Tuberculoid form
2. clofazimine is added for Lepromatous form
where is actinomyces found?
normal oral flora
explain how Nocardia can infect immunecompromised/immunecompetent person?
Nocardia causes pulmonary infections in immunocompromised and cutaneous infections after trauma in immunocompetent
what enzyme breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose?
Beta galactosidase
what agar would you use for lactose fermenters to grow as purple/black colonies?
EMB agar
how would you distinguish EHEC from other E. coli?
EHEC does not ferment sorbitol
name three gram negative bugs that are lactose nonfermenter and produce H2S?
salmonella, proteus, yersinia
what bug does not produce H2S and is lactose nonfermenter?
shigella
what agar is used to test H2S production?
TSI agar
what bug is oxidase positive and also lactose nonfermenter?
Pseudomonas
name all the oxidase neg, lactose nonfermenter?
salmonella, proteus, yersinia, shigella
name all the lactose fermenter in gram neg?
klebsiella, E. coli, enterobacter, citrobacter, serratia
how will the lactose fermenter show on MacConkey agar?
pick colonies
name of the path that is rapidly progressive and has necrotic cutaneous lesion typically seen in immune compromised pts?
Ecthyma gangrenosum
what bug is associated with “pseudoappendicitis?”
Yersinia enterocolitica
what is the name of the tick that causes Lyme dz?
Ixodes deer tick
Ixodes deer tick is also a vector for what bug?
Anaplasma spp. and protozoa Babesia
what is the natural reservoir for Lyme dz?
mouse
what bug can be visualized by aniline dyes?
Borrelia