Renal Drugs Flashcards
What is the role of the kidneys in drug elimination?
The kidneys play a crucial role in eliminating many drugs, so renal function must be considered when administering medication.
What drugs should be avoided or used cautiously in patients with kidney issues?
NSAIDs (like Ibuprofen), Furosemide, Clopidogrel, Sodium Lactate Compound, Syntometrine, and Morphine should be used with caution.
Why should NSAIDs be used cautiously in patients with kidney disease?
NSAIDs decrease renal blood flow and interact poorly with diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and angiotensin II antagonists in patients with acute or chronic kidney disease.
What caution is needed when administering Furosemide?
Severe caution is needed in patients with anuria.
What is the effect of Morphine in patients with chronic kidney disease?
Morphine requires good renal function for elimination; metabolite buildup can be toxic in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Use caution.
What is Furosemide and how does it work?
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that acts on the loop of Henle, preventing salt reabsorption, increasing urine output, and reducing circulatory volume and pressure.
The loop of Henle creates a concentration gradient in the kidney medulla, reabsorbing water and concentrating urine.
What is the role of Erythropoietin in kidney dysfunction?
Erythropoietin stimulates bone marrow to produce red blood cells; important because kidney dysfunction leads to anemia.
Why is Iron important for patients undergoing dialysis?
Iron is needed for red blood cell generation, especially important due to red blood cell loss during dialysis.
What is Bendroflumethiazide and its effects?
Bendroflumethiazide is a thiazide diuretic that lowers blood pressure and reduces excess fluid by blocking sodium and chloride reabsorption; can lead to potassium loss, so ECG monitoring is important.
What is the function of Spironolactone?
Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that prevents excessive potassium loss and is often used with other diuretics.
