CVAs and TIA's

Question 1

How many Neurons in the brain?

Answer 1

22 billion

Question 2

How many Neurons Ischemic Stroke kills?

Answer 2

120 million Neurons

Question 3

Ischemic Stroke causes the brain to age by?

Answer 3

3.6 years, every hour it is untreated.

Question 4

What are the 3 Cerebral Artery?

Answer 4

Anterior

Middle

Posterior

Question 5

Anterior Cerebral Artery Supplies blood to?

Answer 5

the Frontal lobe

Question 6

Middle Cerebral Artery Supplies blood to?

Answer 6

Temporal and Parietal Lobes

Question 7

Posterior Cerebral Artery Supplies blood to?

Answer 7

Brain Stem (Including the Medulla),
Cerebellum and Occipital

Question 8

2 types of CVA are?

Answer 8

Thrombus/Embolus

Haemorrhagic

Question 9

A Thrombus/Embolus CVA is?

Answer 9

85% of all Strokes in the UK.

occurs when dislodged clot, or embolism from a larger blood vessel which occludes a cerebral artery.

Question 10

A Haemorrhagic CVA is?

Answer 10

15% of Strokes in the UK.

occurs as a result of a ruptured blood vessel
resulting in either intra or extra-cerebral haemorrhage.

Question 11

Symptoms of a Haemorrhagic CVA?

Answer 11

*Sudden onset
*Develops during exercise or high-stress.
*Associated with Cocaine use or other Sympathomimetic Amines.
*Asymptomatic prior to rupture

Question 12

Symptoms of an Ischaemic CVA?

Answer 12

*caused by Atherosclerosis
*Prolonged onset
*History of Vessel Disease
*associated with Heart Condition
*PMH of Angina or previous Strokes

Question 13

What is Penumbra?

Answer 13

1) ischaemic core of cells can develop and die (Tissue Necrosis)

2) Surrounding these dead core of cells is the
PENUMBRA which is an area of viable tissue (cells)

3) served by collateral circulation but can die if circulation is not re-established within 1-2 hours.

Question 14

Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA) is?

Answer 14

Cerebral Ischaemia that does not inflict any permanent damage.

Question 15

TIA can last for?

Answer 15

Symptoms rarely last longer than 1- 2 hours

Question 16

TIA should only be considered if?

Answer 16

There has been a complete resolution of symptoms.

Question 17

Stroke Risk Factors Modifiable Risks are?

Answer 17

• Diabetes
• Sedentary Lifestyle and Poor diet
• High Cholesterol Levels
• Smoking
• Drug Abuse
• Hypertension
• Myocardial Infarction
• Atrial Fibrillation
• Oral Contraceptive Use

Question 18

Stroke Risk Factors Unmodifiable Risk are?

Answer 18

• Age
• Genetics
• Gender
• Previous Stroke
• Previous TIA
• Race

Question 19

2 types of Aphasia

Answer 19

Expressive
Indicates damage to the Frontal Lobe

Receptive
Indicates damage to the Temporal Lobe

Question 20

Stroke can Mimics other conditions such as?

Answer 20

• Hypoglycaemia
• Hypoxia
• Hypotension
• Hypothermia
• Fitting
• Toxins, Sedatives or Alcohol
• Bells Palsy

Question 21

Bell’s palsy symptoms?

Answer 21

No forehead wrinkling
droopy eyelid
facial weakness
drooping mouth

Question 22

Bell’s palsy differences to CVA ?

Answer 22

No arm drift
no altered LOC
no unequal pupils
no paralysis of other limbs