CVAs and TIA's Flashcards
How many Neurons in the brain?
22 billion
How many Neurons Ischemic Stroke kills?
120 million Neurons
Ischemic Stroke causes the brain to age by?
3.6 years, every hour it is untreated.
What are the 3 Cerebral Artery?
Anterior
Middle
Posterior
Anterior Cerebral Artery Supplies blood to?
the Frontal lobe
Middle Cerebral Artery Supplies blood to?
Temporal and Parietal Lobes
Posterior Cerebral Artery Supplies blood to?
Brain Stem (Including the Medulla),
Cerebellum and Occipital
2 types of CVA are?
Thrombus/Embolus
Haemorrhagic
A Thrombus/Embolus CVA is?
85% of all Strokes in the UK.
occurs when dislodged clot, or embolism from a larger blood vessel which occludes a cerebral artery.
A Haemorrhagic CVA is?
15% of Strokes in the UK.
occurs as a result of a ruptured blood vessel
resulting in either intra or extra-cerebral haemorrhage.
Symptoms of a Haemorrhagic CVA?
*Sudden onset
*Develops during exercise or high-stress.
*Associated with Cocaine use or other Sympathomimetic Amines.
*Asymptomatic prior to rupture
Symptoms of an Ischaemic CVA?
*caused by Atherosclerosis
*Prolonged onset
*History of Vessel Disease
*associated with Heart Condition
*PMH of Angina or previous Strokes
What is Penumbra?
1) ischaemic core of cells can develop and die (Tissue Necrosis)
2) Surrounding these dead core of cells is the
PENUMBRA which is an area of viable tissue (cells)
3) served by collateral circulation but can die if circulation is not re-established within 1-2 hours.
Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA) is?
Cerebral Ischaemia that does not inflict any permanent damage.
TIA can last for?
Symptoms rarely last longer than 1- 2 hours
TIA should only be considered if?
There has been a complete resolution of symptoms.
Stroke Risk Factors Modifiable Risks are?
- Diabetes
- Sedentary Lifestyle and Poor diet
- High Cholesterol Levels
- Smoking
- Drug Abuse
- Hypertension
- Myocardial Infarction
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Oral Contraceptive Use
Stroke Risk Factors Unmodifiable Risk are?
- Age
- Genetics
- Gender
- Previous Stroke
- Previous TIA
- Race
2 types of Aphasia
Expressive
Indicates damage to the Frontal Lobe
Receptive
Indicates damage to the Temporal Lobe
Stroke can Mimics other conditions such as?
- Hypoglycaemia
- Hypoxia
- Hypotension
- Hypothermia
- Fitting
- Toxins, Sedatives or Alcohol
- Bells Palsy
Bell’s palsy symptoms?
No forehead wrinkling
droopy eyelid
facial weakness
drooping mouth
Bell’s palsy differences to CVA ?
No arm drift
no altered LOC
no unequal pupils
no paralysis of other limbs
