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PPCS 1 > Medications > Flashcards

Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Indication of Activated Charcoal 50g in 250ml

A

Oral drug overdose within 1 hr.

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2
Q

Indication of Adrenaline 1 in 1,000

A

Anaphylaxis
Life-threatening asthma, deterioration despite nebuliser therapy.

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3
Q

Actions of Adrenaline 1 in 1,000

A

Relives bronchospasm in acute severe asthma.
Reverses allergic manifestation of acute anaphylaxis.

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4
Q

What drug type is Adrenaline

A

Sympathomimetic

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5
Q

Indication of Adrenaline 1 in 10,000

A

Cardiac arrest
Post ROSC circulatory support.

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6
Q

Actions of Adrenaline 1 in 10,000

A

stimulates both alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors.
This makes myocardial and cerebral blood flow enhanced during CPR.
CPR becomes more effective due to increased peripheral resistance which improves perfusion pressures.

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7
Q

Drug type is Amiodarone

A

Antiarrhythmic

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8
Q

Indication of Amiodarone

A

Cardiac arrest in VF, neg pulse VT, if after 3rd shock give 300mg, then after 5th shock give 150mg.

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9
Q

4 Actions of Amiodarone

A

Blocks sodium and potassium channels in cardiac muscle.
Acts to stabilise and reduce electrical irritability of cardiac muscle.
Lengthens cardiac action potential
Prolongs QT interval on ECGs.

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10
Q

Drug type Aspirin

A

antiplatelet

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11
Q

Indication for Aspirin

A

Clinical or ECG evidence suggestive of MI or ischaemia.
?TIA and the following:
* Symptoms fully resolved
* Pt not being conveyed
* Refed to TIA pathway.

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12
Q

Actions of Aspirin

A

reduces clot formation.

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13
Q

Drug type Atropine

A

anticholinergic

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14
Q

Indication of Atropine

A

Bradycardia and any of these:
Absolute Bradycardia (<40)
Blood pressure below expected for age.
Paroxysmal ventricular arrythmias needing suppression.
Perfusion causing confusion
Bradycardia following ROSC

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15
Q

Actions of Atropine

A

Reverses effects of vagal overdrive
Enhances A-V Conduction.
Increase HR by blocking vagal activity in Bradycardia, 2nd or 3rd heart block.

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16
Q

Drug type Benzylpenicillin

A

Antibiotic – narrow spectrum.

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17
Q

Indication of Benzylpenicillin

A

Meningococcal

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18
Q

Drug type Chlorphenamine

A

antihistamine

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19
Q

Indication for Chlorphenamine

A

Allergic reaction, falling short of anaphylaxis but causing pt distress severe itching.
After anaphylaxis and pt can’t take oral antihistamines.

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20
Q

Actions of Chlorphenamine

A

blocks histamine released during allergic reaction.

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21
Q

Drug type Dexamethasone

A

corticosteroid

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22
Q

Indication for Dexamethasone

A

Croup

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23
Q

Actions for Dexamethasone

A

Reduces subglottic inflammation.

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24
Q

Drug type is Furosemide 20mg in 2ml

A

potent diuretic.

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25
Q

Indication for Furosemide

A

Pulmonary oedema.
Respiratory distress due to heart failure.

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26
Q

Drug type Glucagon IM

A

hormone

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27
Q

Indication of Glucagon IM

A

Hypoglycaemia.
Only when no oral option or route.

28
Q

Actions of Glucagon IM

A

Turns glycogen to glucose in the liver, increasing blood sugars.

29
Q

Indication of Glucose 10%

A

Hypoglycaemia
Pt does not respond to IM Glucagon after 10mins.

30
Q

Actions of Glucose 10%

A

Reversal of Hypoglycaemia by direct deliver of glucose to the systemic circulation.

31
Q

Indication of Glucose 40% oral gel

A

Hypoglycaemia

32
Q

Actions of Glucose 40% oral gel

A

Increase blood sugars via buccal absorption.

33
Q

Drug type is GTN

A

vasodilator

34
Q

Indication of GTN

A

Cardiac chest pain due to angina or MI, when BP >90
Heart failure with ischaemia or uncontrolled hypertension.
Cocaine toxicity with chest pain.

35
Q

Actions of GTN

A

Dilates the coronary arteries
Relief of coronary spasm.
Dilates systemic veins resulting in lower preload.
Reduced BP

36
Q

Drug type Hydrocortisone 100mg

A

Glucocorticoid

37
Q

Indication of Hydrocortisone 100mg

A

Severe or life-threatening asthma.
Ex COPD
Adrenal crisis (Addisonian crisis)

38
Q

Actions of Hydrocortisone 100mg

A

Restores BP, Blood sugars, cardiac synchronicity and volume.
Therapeutic actions suppression of inflammation and immune response.

39
Q

Drug type Ibuprofen

A

analgesic

40
Q

Indication of Ibuprofen

A

Mild to mod pain.
Pyrexia with discomfort.
Soft tissue injuries.

41
Q

Actions of Ibuprofen

A

Antipyretic
Anit-inflammatory.

42
Q

Drug type of Ipratropium bromide

A

antimuscarinic bronchodilator.

43
Q

Indication of Ipratropium

A

Acute or life-threatening asthma.
Acute asthma not responding to salbutamol.
Ex COPD not responding to salbutamol.
Expiratory wheezing.

44
Q

Actions of Ipratropium

A

Inhibiting actions of acetylcholine on neuromuscular junctions of the lungs, creating bronchodilation

45
Q

Drug type Misoprostol

A

uterotonic

46
Q

Indication of Misoprostol

A

Primary or secondary PPH
Miscarriage with excessive bleeding.

47
Q

Actions of Misoprostol

A

Simulates contraction of the uterus to control bleeding after birth.
7-10mins after oral administration, longer if rectal route.

48
Q

Drug type Morphine 10mg in 1ml

A

opioid agonist.

49
Q

Indication for Morphine 10mg in 1ml

A

Pain with MI.
Severe pain
Oral morphine for moderate pain.
EoL care when own medication not available or ran out.

50
Q

Actions of Morphine 10mg in 1ml

A

Causes sedation, euphoria and analgesia, depress respiration and induce hypotension.
Histamine is released and may cause vasodilatory.

51
Q

Drug type is Naloxone

A

opioid antagonist.

52
Q

Indication of Naloxone

A

Reversal of opioids for respiratory arrest or depression.
Cardiac arrest where opioid overdose cause.
Unconsciousness with respiratory depression where opioid overdose suspected.

53
Q

Actions of Naloxone

A

Competes with narcotics at opiate receptors in the CNS to revers opiate effects.

54
Q

Drug type is Ondansetron

A

anti-emetic

55
Q

Indication for Ondansetron

A

Prevention and treatment of opiate induce nausea and vomiting.
treatment of nausea and vomiting.

56
Q

Actions of Ondansetron

A

Blocks 5HT receptors.

57
Q

Drug type is Entonox

A

gas

58
Q

Indication for Entonox

A

Mod to severe pain
Labour pain

59
Q

Actions of Entonox

A

Fast acting CNS depressant causes vasodilation.

60
Q

Indication of Paracetamol

A

Mild to mod pain
Discomfort with high temperature

61
Q

Drug type is Paracetamol

A

analgesic and antipyretic drug

62
Q

Drug type is Salbutamol

A

beta2 adrenoreceptor

63
Q

Indication of Salbutamol

A

Asthma attack when inhalers not worked.
Ex wheezing
Ex COPD.

64
Q

Actions of Salbutamol

A

Effects the smooth muscle of the medium and small airways.
Relives the spasm in asthma attacks.

65
Q

Drug type is TXA 500mg in 5ml.

A

antifibrinolytic

66
Q

Indication for TXA 500mg in 5ml.

A

Severe haemorrhage

67
Q

Actions of TXA 500mg in 5ml.

A

Binds with receptor sites on plasmin.
Prevents plasmin from binding and breaking down fibrin, this is preventing the breakdown of blood clots.

PPCS 1 (26 decks)

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