Renal

Question 1

spikes in GBM

Answer 1

membranous glomerulonepropathy

Question 2

JG cells

Answer 2

smooth muscle cells with renin granules

Question 3

renal hypoperfusion

Answer 3

increase renin secretion by JG cells

Question 4

low C3

Answer 4

PSGN

Question 5

eosinophilic casts

Answer 5

Bence Jones + Tam Horsfall protein (multiple myeolma)

Question 6

finasteride

Answer 6

5 alpha reductase inhibitor

decrease prostate volume

Question 7

alpha3 chain of type IV collagen

Answer 7

good pastures

Question 8

lumpy bumpy apperance

Answer 8

PSGN

Question 9

salicylate toxicity

Answer 9

resp alkalosis followed by metabolic acidosis

Question 10

rubber manufacturing

Answer 10

transitional cell bladder cancer

Question 11

polycystic renal disease

Answer 11

decrease vit D

Question 12

Inulin

Answer 12

freely filtered

not reabsorbed or secreted

Question 13

FF =

Answer 13

GFR/RPF or

GFR / (1 - hct) x RBF

Question 14

PAH

Answer 14

excreted amount&raquo_space; filtered

net secretion

Question 15

PAH lowest concentration

Answer 15

bowman’s capsule

Question 16

loss of antithrombin III

Answer 16

thromboembolic events

flank pain, gross heamturia

Question 17

filtration rate =

Answer 17

inulin clearance x plasma concentration

Question 18

excretion rate =

Answer 18

inulin clearance x plasma concentration - tubular reabsorption

Question 19

RPGN cells

Answer 19

monocytes, macrophages, FIBRIN

Question 20

interstitial nephritis

Answer 20

penicillins, NSAIDs

Question 21

RCC paraneoplastic syndromes

Answer 21

EPO
ACTH
PTH

Question 22

transitional cell carcinoma associatins

Answer 22

phenacetin
smoking
aniline dyes
cyclophophamide

Question 23

RPGN

Answer 23

1 - GP
2 - immune complex
3 - wegners

Question 24

IgA deposits

Answer 24

Berger’s dz

Question 25

DPGN

Answer 25

SLE

Question 26

MPGN

Answer 26

HBV, HCV

Question 27

FSGS

Answer 27

HIV

Question 28

membranous nepropathy

Answer 28

SLE infections solid tuors

Question 29

RBC casts

Answer 29

glomerulonephritis

Question 30

WBC casts

Answer 30

trnasplant rejection | pyelonephritis

Question 31

fatty casts

Answer 31

nephrotic syndrome

Question 32

granular casts/muddy brown casts

Answer 32

ATN

Question 33

afferent arteriole constriction

Answer 33

decrease RPF, GFR

Question 34

efferent arteriole constriction

Answer 34

decrease RPF | increase GFR

Question 35

horseshoe kidney

Answer 35

turner's association

Question 36

potter's syndrome association

Answer 36

posterior urethral valves | ARPKD

Question 37

Clearance < GFR

Answer 37

reabsorption

Question 38

Clearance > GFR

Answer 38

secretion

Question 39

Renal Plasma Flow Calculation

Answer 39

RPF = urine PAH x urine flow rate / plasma PAH

Question 40

Renal Blood Flow Calculation

Answer 40

Renal Plasma Flow / 1 - HCT

Question 41

increase plasma protein concentration

Answer 41

decrease GFR

Question 42

decrease plasma protein concentration

Answer 42

increase GFR

Question 43

Aldosterone

Answer 43

reabsorps Na | secrete K and H

Question 44

Foscarnet

Answer 44

CMV retinitis treatment | causes hypocalemia and hypomagnesium

Question 45

PLA2R Antibodies

Answer 45

gluomerulonephritis = membranous nephropathy

Question 46

RCC originates from

Answer 46

proximal renal tubules

Question 47

early detection of diabetic neuropathy

Answer 47

microalbuminemia

Question 48

mannitol

Answer 48

used for cerebral edema | side effect - pulmonary edema

Question 49

vasopression/ADH acts on

Answer 49

medullary segment of collecting ducts

Question 50

CKD manifestations

Answer 50

low calcium --> osteodystrophy

Question 51

Amph B side effects

Answer 51

hypokalemia and hypomagnesium

Question 52

ATN initiation

Answer 52

ischemic injury

Question 53

ATN maintenance

Answer 53

decreased urine increase CR/BUN hyperkalemic

Question 54

ATN recovery

Answer 54

low K, Mg, Po4, Ca

Question 55

MCD - type of proteinuria

Answer 55

selective | albumin loss >>> bulky proteins

Question 56

tubular re-epithelization is outcome of

Answer 56

ATN

Question 57

impermeable to H20

Answer 57

ascending limb

Question 58

PSGN prognosis

Answer 58

better with younger age

Question 59

Neprhotic Syndrome

Answer 59

- proteinuria - hypoalbuminemia - hyperlipidemia

Question 60

Nephrotic Syndrome caused by

Answer 60

decreased oncotic pressure

Question 61

clear cell has

Answer 61

high lipid/glycogen content

Question 62

substances that are neither secreted or reabsorbed

Answer 62

mannitol | inulin

Question 63

substances that are reabsorbed

Answer 63

glucose urea sodium

Question 64

substances that are secreted

Answer 64

PAH | creatinine

Question 65

ceramid trihexoside accumulation

Answer 65

Fabry Disease

Question 66

Fabry disease

Answer 66

angiokeratomas | renal failure

Question 67

primase

Answer 67

RNA polymerase

Question 68

lactic acidosis decreases what enzyme

Answer 68

pyruvate DH

Question 69

aceI cause

Answer 69

constriction of efferent arteriole vasoconstriction aldosterone

Question 70

uric acid precipitation

Answer 70

due to low urine PH | DCT, CD

Question 71

metameniphic mesoderm becomes

Answer 71

glomeruli bowman's capsule PCT, loop of henle, DCT

Question 72

ureteric bud becomes

Answer 72

CTubules, CDuct | calyces, renal pelvis, ureters