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First Aid Sections > Immune System > Flashcards

Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

Post-splenectomy

A

Howell-Jolly bodies
target cells
thrombocytosis

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2
Q

Positive Selection

A

thymus, cortex

MHC restriction

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3
Q

Negative Selection

A

thymus, medulla

non reactive to self

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4
Q

HLA A3

A

Hemochromatosis

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5
Q

HLA-DQ2/8

A

Celiac Disease

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6
Q

HLA-DR5

A

pernicious anemia/b12 def

hashimoto’s thyroidits

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7
Q

NK cells

A

induce apoptosis of virally infected and tumor cells

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8
Q

Th1/Th2 secretes

A

Th1 - ifn gamma

Th2 - IL-4,5,10,13

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9
Q

Th1/Th2 activates

A

th1 - macrophages

th2 - eosinophil, Ige production

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10
Q

Th1 inhibited by

A

IL4 and IL10

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11
Q

th2 inhibited by

A

IFN-gamma

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12
Q

SCID

A

infant, agammaglobulenima, lymphopenia

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13
Q

SCID cause

A

defective IL-2 receptor
adenosine deaminase def
X-linked

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14
Q

SCID treatment

A

BMT

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15
Q

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

A

Thrombocytopenia
infections
Eczema
combined B and T cell def

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16
Q

cause of Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

A

X linked, WAS gene

T cells unable to reorganize actin skeleton

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17
Q

Ataxia-telangiectasia

A

cerebellar defects - ataxia
spider angiomas - telangiectasia
IgA def
increased AFP

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18
Q

Ataxia-telangiectasia cause

A

defects in ATM gene, codes for DNA repair

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19
Q

Hyper IgM sydrome

A 
severe pyogenic infections early in life
defective CD40L on Helper T cells/inability to class switch
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20
Q

Leukocyte adhesion def

A

recurrent bacterial infections
perstistent neutrophilia
absent pus
delayed separation of umbilical cord

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21
Q

Cause of Leukocyte adhesion def

A

defect in LFA-1 integrin on phagocytes

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22
Q

Chediak-Higashi syndrome

A

recurrent infections - catalase positive
AR
microtubule dysfunction in phagosome-lyosome fusion

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23
Q

Chronic Ganulomatous disease

A

boy
catalase + infections
Abnormal DHR flow cyto test or nitroblue tetrazoliume

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24
Q

catalse poisitve organisms

A

S aeures, E coli
Serratia
Aspergillus

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25
Q

Chronic Granulomatous dz causes

A

lack of NADPH oxidase –> decrease of ROS

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26
Q

X-linked agammaglobulinemia

A

infant boy, 4-6 months
encapsulated organism sepsis
absent B cells

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27
Q

cause of X linked agammaglobulinemia

A

X linked recessive/defect in BTK/no B cell maturation

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28
Q

Selegtive IgA def

A

asymptomatic
anaphylaxis to IgA-containing blood products
false positive B-HCG tests

29
Q

CVID

A

young adults
recurrent sinusitis, pneumonia, bronchiectasis
splenomegaly, malignacies, GI absorption

30
Q

CVID labs

A

decreased plasma cells

31
Q

DiGeorge syndrome cause

A

22q deletion

failure to develop 3rd and 4th pharyngeal pouches

32
Q

DiGeorge Syndrome

A

CHD - truncus arterosus
facial abnormalities
low Ca (PTH) and T cells

33
Q

IL-12 receptor def

A

decreased Th1 response

disseminated mycobacterial infections

34
Q

Hyper-IgE syndrome cause

A

neutrophils can’t respond to chemotactic stimuli

no IFN-gamma from TH1 cells

35
Q

Hyper IgE syndrome

A 
FATED: coarse facies,
cold staphylcoccal absecess
retained primary teeth
increased IgE
dermatological problems/exzema
36
Q

Chronic Mucocutaneous candidias

A

T cell dysfunction

37
Q

Cyclosporine

A

binds to cyclophilin
suppress organ rejection
nephrotox, HTN, hirsuitism

38
Q

Tacrolimus

A

binds FK-binding protein

39
Q

Sirolimus

A

inhibits mTOR

hyperlipidemia

40
Q

Azathioprine

A

interferes with synthesis of nucleic acids

toxicity increased by allopurinol

41
Q

Muromonab

A

binds to CD3 on T cells

prevent acute transplant rejection

42
Q

Digoxin Immune Fab

A

antidote for dogoxin intox

43
Q

Abciximab

A

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa

prevent cardiac ischemia

44
Q

Rituximab

A

CD20, B Cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

45
Q

Omalizumab

A

IgE, asthma

46
Q

Adesleukin

A

interluekin-2

renall cell carcinoma, metastatic melnoma

47
Q

epoetin alfa

A

erythopoietin

anemias

48
Q

filgrastim

A

granulocyte colon-stimulating factor

recovery of bone marrow

49
Q

sargramostim

A

granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor

recovery of bone marrow

50
Q

alpha interferon

A

hep B and C
kaposi’s sarcoma
leukemias
malignant melanoma

51
Q

beta interferon

A

multiple sclerosis

52
Q

gamma interferon

A

chronic granulomatous dz

53
Q

oprelvekin

A

thrombocytopenia

54
Q

thrombopoietin

A

thrombocytopenia

55
Q

chronic transplant rejection

A

months/years

Class-1 MHCnon self perceived as self present a non-self antigen

56
Q

febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction

A

type II hypersen
fever and chills
against HLA antigens and leukocytes

57
Q

anti-U1 RNP

A

mixed CT dz

58
Q

anti-glutamate decarboxylase

59
Q

examples of passive immunity

A

tetanus toxin
botulinum toxn
HBV
rabies

60
Q

C1 esterase inhibitor def

A

hereditary angioedema

ACE inhibitors contraindictored

61
Q

DAF/GPI anchored enzyme def

A

paroxysmal noctural hemoglobinuria

62
Q

IL-1

63
Q

IL-2

64
Q

IL-3

A

bone marrow

65
Q

IL-4

66
Q

IL-5

67
Q

IL-8

A

neutrophils

68
Q

IL-12

A

activates NK cells

First Aid Sections (25 decks)

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