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GRADE 11 > Purposive Writing > Flashcards

Purposive Writing Flashcards

1
Q

A review article can also be
called a ________

A

literature review,

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2
Q

It is a survey of previously published research on a topic. It should give an overview of current thinking on the topic. And, unlike an original a research article, it will not present new experimental results

A

Article Review

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3
Q

to provide a critical evaluation of the
data available from existing studies.

A

Writing a review of
literature

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4
Q

T or F. a review of literature can sometimes they will draw
new conclusions from the existing data.

A

T

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5
Q

For an article review, your task is

  • -
A
  • to identify,
  • summarize, and
  • evaluate the ideas and information the author has presented.
  • make judgments, positive or negative, about the article’s content. The criteria you follow to do this will vary based on your particular academic discipline and the parameters of your assignment.
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6
Q

Things to consider
when writing an
Article Review

A
  • Introduction
  • Body
  • Conclusion
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7
Q

marks the beginning of an article review and
aims to provide essential information about the article while capturing the reader’s interest.

A

Introduction

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8
Q

What can be found in the introduction of an article review

A
  • title, author, publication date, source
  • brief bg
  • previous research/developments
  • thesis statement
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9
Q

is where detailed analysis and evaluation of the article take place. It is typically organized into paragraphs, each focusing on a specific aspect or component of the article. The process begins with a
- summary of the article’s main points, methodology, and findings,
- Following this, an examination of the article’s strengths and weaknesses takes place, which involves assessing the author’s methodology, theoretical framework, and the coherence of their arguments.
- The quality and relevance of the presented evidence are evaluated, and any potential biases or limitations are identified.
- The article’s contributions to the field are critically evaluated in terms of originality, significance, and
potential impact.
- The discussion also includes how the article relates to existing research, addresses gaps, or raises new
questions. Specific examples or quotes from the article are utilized, supported by citations for credibility

A

Body

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10
Q

serves as a concise summary and final assessment of the evaluation of an article. The thesis statement from the introduction is restated, summarizing the main argument and evaluation of the article.

A

Conclusion

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11
Q

The format of the article should always adhere to the
___________________________

A

citation style required by your professor

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12
Q

Types of Article Reviews

A
  1. Journal Article Review
  2. Research Article Review
  3. Science Article Review
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13
Q

Evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of a
publication. A qualified paper writer must
provide the reader with an analysis and interpretation that demonstrates the article’s value.

A

Journal Article Review

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14
Q

Evaluates the research method used and holds
that information in retrospect to analysis and critique.

A

Research Article Review

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15
Q

Involves anything in the realm of science. Often, scientific publications include more information on the background that you can use to analyze the
publication more comprehensively.

A

Science Article Review

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16
Q

NATURE OF an article review

A
  • recognize, enumerate, and assess the author’s arguments and information
  • Your assessment must take into account your understanding of the subject—as well as
    what you discover from further investigation.
  • You must thoroughly study the chosen article and any relevant articles before you can write a critical article review in order to provide an unbiased and informed assessment
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17
Q

Writing a research review/article review
entails the following:

A
  • Summarization, classification, analysis,
    critiques, and comparison
  • The introduction of new information
    instead of simply responding to the writer’s
    work
  • Checking other samples to gain a better
    understanding of how to review the article
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18
Q

an important part of any research project. It helps you to understand what is already known about a topic, identify any gaps in the research, and to develop your own research question.

A

Literature Review

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19
Q

readers form new arguments in order to critically
evaluate and deepen understanding from literary
works. It is the process of approaching the main
arguments handed from the author and critiques
its strengths and weaknesses from
the literature.

A

Literature Review

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20
Q

serve as an overview of the topic you are reviewing. It helps readers gain knowledge about a certain topic by highlighting its main key points through summarizing. It is set out in an organizational pattern containing both the summary and synthesis of a certain topic

A

Literature Review

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21
Q

Purpose of a Literature Review

A
  • surveys
  • synthesizes
  • critically analyzes
  • Presents
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22
Q

Format of a Literature Review

A

Intro, body, conc

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23
Q

this is where you establish a general definition or identification of the topic, problem, or area of interest to provide a suitable framework for a literature review.

A

Introduction

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24
Q

in writing this, include as much or as little detail in your summaries of individual studies, articles, or publications as each one merits based on its relative significance to the literature.

A

Body

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25
Q

this is where you summarize the key contributions of important research and articles to the body of knowledge under review, maintaining the introduction’s topic in mind. In your conclusion, discuss how the main subject of the literature review relates to a larger field of study.

A

Conclusion

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26
Q

Nature of a Lit Review

A
  • needs to be relevant and focused.
  • needs to be organized thematically
  • should be signated in an introductory paragraph
  • should be up to date
  • needs to be critical
  • needs to be brought to a close
  • research gaps should arise
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27
Q

3 Strategies in writing a literature review

A
  • Find a focus
  • convey it to your reader
  • consider organization
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28
Q

5 Typical ways of organizing the sources in a literature review

A
  • Chronological
  • By publication
  • By trend
  • Thematic
  • Methodological
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29
Q

If your review follows the _________ method, you
could write about the materials above according to when they were published.

A

chronological

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30
Q

Order your sources by ___________, then,
only if the order demonstrates a more important trend.

A

publication chronology

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31
Q

A better way to organize the above sources chronologically is to examine the sources under another trend, such as the history of whaling. Then your review would have subsections according to eras within this period

A

By trend

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32
Q

are organized around a topic or issue, rather than the progression of time. However, progression of time may still be an important factor in a _______

A

thematic review.

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33
Q

the focusing factor usually does not have to do with the content of the material. Instead, it focuses on the “methods” of the researcher or writes

A

Methodological

34
Q

systematic inquiry to describe, explain,
predict and control the observed phenomenon

A

Research

35
Q

an official document that gives information
about a particular subject (Britannica, 2023)

A

Report

36
Q

a well-written document that outlines the processes, data and findings of a systematic investigation, It is most often considered to be a true testimony of all the work done to garner specificities of research

A

Research Report

37
Q

Research Paper VS. Research Report

A

Paper
- complete investigation
- lengthy and extensive
- unique viewpoint at end

Report
- summarizes
- short to review
- never intended to bring new information

38
Q

IMPORTANCE OF A RESEARCH REPORT

A
  • Communicating research findings
    The report provides valuable information as it shares
    new knowledge, insights, and discoveries with others in the field.
  • supports academic work
    A research report provides a comprehensive overview of a particular subject or topic, which can be used to support arguments and provide evidence
  • informing policy and practice
    Research reports can inform policy and practice by
    providing evidence-based recommendations for decision-makers
  • building credibility and demonstrating the impact
    By presenting the findings and outcomes of a study,
    research reports can show the value of research to
    funders and stakeholders.
39
Q

NATURE/CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RESEARCH REPORT

A
  • formal
  • presents findings, methods, analysis
  • written by resear, scientists, scholars
  • serves to communicate research process and outcomes to audience
  1. Structure - abstract, introduction, literature review,
    methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion
  2. OBJECTIVITY - Research reports strive to be objective and unbiased.
  3. CLEAR AND CONCISE WRITING - Research reports should be written in a clear and concise manner, using precise and technical language appropriate
    for the target audience.
  4. EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE - Research reports are based on empirical evidence obtained through systematic data collection and analysis.
40
Q

Types of Research Report

A
  1. Popular RR
  2. Technical RR
  3. Qualitative RR
  4. Descriptive RR
  5. Quantitative RR
41
Q

(type of rr) one for a general audience; that is, for individuals who do not necessarily have any knowledge in the field of study. aims to make information accessible to everyone.

A

Popular

42
Q

(type of rr) a detailed document that you
present after carrying out industry-based research

A

Technical

43
Q

(type of rr) based on research methods
such as interviews, observations, or case studies.

A

Qualitative

44
Q

(type of rr) provide a detailed description
of a particular phenomenon, group, or situation

A

Descriptive

45
Q

(type of rr) systematic investigation that pays attention to numerical or statistical values in a bid to find answers to research questions

A

Quantitative

46
Q

Parts of a Research Report

A
  1. Title (succinctly convey topic/focus of res report)
  2. Abstract (brief summary)
  3. Introduction (introduces research problem/question)
  4. Lit Review (comprehensive review of existing research)
  5. Methodology (res design, data collection methods, sample size, etc)
  6. Results (presents findings of research)
  7. Discussion (interprets results; compares them to prev studies; explains implications)
  8. Conclusion (summarizes main findings; restate)
  9. References
  10. Appendices (additional supp. materials)
47
Q

7 Steps in writing Res Report

A
  1. Choose a topic
  2. Make a plan
  3. Check with the teacher
  4. Conduct res and take notes
  5. Outline the proj.
  6. Write the report
  7. Edit and reread the report
48
Q

is a document of two to five pages that aims to answer important questions about a major project.

A

project proposal

49
Q

It states what the project hopes to achieve, why those targets are significant, and the way that you intend to accomplish them.

A

Proj. proposal

50
Q

Types of project proposal

A
  1. SOLICITED
  2. UNSOLICITED
  3. INFORMAL
  4. RENEWAL
  5. CONTINUATION
  6. SUPPLEMENTAL
51
Q

is sent in response to an RFP or Request for Proposal which is a document handed in to a qualified organization that announces the project along with the description and what the project is; persuasion is vital; compete w/ others

A

SOLICITED

52
Q

This type of proposal is sent without RFP or Request for Proposal and is in competition with no one.

A

Unsolicited

53
Q

This type of proposal is sent in response to an informal client request without RFP. This is presented in a short document and is customarily done in the format of a memo or letter and it can also be in the preferred format.

A

Informal

54
Q

This type of proposal is sent to an existing client to get them to engage in renewing services. zeroes in on outcomes rooted in the past and can predict future gains to drive the client to move or act.

A

renewal

55
Q

This type of proposal is sent to remind an investor that the project is underway and executes with updates on the latest status of the project. This proposal set sight utmost on articulating or communicating effectively the important information.

A

CONTINUATION

56
Q

This type of proposal is created and sent to an investor when additional resources are required to work on completing the project.

A

Supplemental

57
Q

Format of a Project Proposal

A
  1. Cover Sheet
  2. Abstract
  3. Introduction
  4. Overall Purpose
  5. Statement of Need
  6. Project Act, MEthod, Outco
  7. Evaluation
  8. Dissemination
  9. Budget and Continuation Funding
58
Q

This includes your project title of a Proj Proposal

A

Cover Sheet

59
Q

This is also known as the Summary.
This is a short, precise summary which includes a brief outline of your project proposal

This also answers the following questions:
What will be done, by whom, how, over what period of time?
What is the problem/need
Who will the outcomes benefit?”

A

Abstract

60
Q

This is also known as the Background.
This explains how the proposal was developed and why it is being proposed.

A

Introduction

61
Q

This is also known as the Objective.
Each objective must be measurable, specific, and aligned.

A

Overall Purpose

62
Q

This states the issue being addressed and why it matters.
This also includes why the proposal is necessary and who benefits from it.

A

Statement of NEed

63
Q

These indicate the reason as to why a particular issue is chosen based on one’s scope of a project proposal

These also present a timeline of specific activities involved using charts and tables and mention the expected specific outcomes to be achieved

A

Proj Act, MEthods, Outcom

64
Q

This must outline clearly the methodology used to assess the project’s success.

A

Evaluation

65
Q

This must be linked to the project goals and objectives of a proj proposal
This must also describe your communication strategy.

A

DISSEMINATION

66
Q

This shows the budget in tables with a corresponding budget narrative to explain each item

This also states how the project is funded or how it can be sustainable after grant funds run out.

A

BUDGET AND CONTINUATION FUNDING

67
Q

Tips in writing proj prop

A
  1. WRITE FOR YOUR AUDIENCE
  2. BE PERSUASIVE
  3. CONNECT THE PROJECT TO THE RECIPIENT
  4. KEEP IT SIMPLE
  5. FOLLOW CONVENTION
  6. PROOFREAD AND REVISE YOUR PROPOSAL
68
Q

BENEFITS of Proj. Proposal

A
  1. DRIVES INNOVATION
  2. HELPS PROJECTS STAY FOCUSED
  3. ANTICIPATE AND SOLVE PROBLEMS EARLY
  4. AIDS PLANNING
    5.
69
Q

one where an author chooses a side on a
particular topic and builds up a case for your
opinion or position. Building up your case will
entail the use of facts and statistics to convince
the readers that the author’s position on the matter is the best one.

A

POSITION PAPER

70
Q

a detailed report that recommends a course of
action on a particular issue

A

POSITION PAPER

71
Q

A POSITION PAPER INCLUDES:

A
  1. Claim - a position about an issue
  2. Argument- a reason/set of reasons given with the aim of persuading others that an action or idea is right or wrong
  3. Evidence -the basis for making the claim
  4. Introduction - part of the essay where you capture the reader’s attention and define the issue given, as well as stating your claim.
  5. Body - part of the essay where the arguments are stated and backed up with pieces of evidence to support it
  6. Conclusion - part of the essay where the action plan or recommendation is written and a summary of your position and main arguments
72
Q

WHY ARE
POSITION
PAPERS
WRITTEN

A
  • generate support regarding particular stand
  • determine how your stance is related to arguments of others
73
Q

NATURE OF PURPOSIVE WRITING

A
  • main goal is to achieve specific goal
  • must be carefully crafted
  • involve conducting research, organizing info
  • used in professional and academic settings
  • persuade reader to take a particular action
  • main purpose is to convince
74
Q

10 DIFFERENT KINDS OF POSITION PAPERS

A
  1. Advocacy Position Paper (specific concern, measure, idea; persuade to follow viewpoint)
  2. Counter-Argument Position Paper (certain rule, or suggestion; persuade to disagree)
  3. Problem-Solution Position Paper (outlines problem and suggests solution)
  4. Comparative Position Paper (2 or more options compare and contrasted)
  5. Historical Position Paper (explores historical occurrence)
  6. Interpretative Position Paper (offers interpretation)
  7. Policy Position Paper (explains particular policy and provide justification)
  8. Value Position Paper (presents arguments in favor of or against values)
  9. Predictive Position Paper (forecasts upcoming developments)
  10. Personal Position Paper (expresses individual viewpoint on particular subject)
75
Q

3 BASIC PARTS OF A POSITION PAPER

A

Intro, Body, Conc

76
Q

STRUCTURE OF A POSITION PAPER

A
  1. Background
  2. Relevance
  3. Position (Arguments 1 and 2; Counterarguments 1 and 2)
  4. Summary
77
Q

What to consider in choosing an issue for a position paper

A
  • issue should be debatable
  • current and relevant
  • written in a question form and answerable by yes or no
  • should be specific and manageable
78
Q

STEPS in GATHERING AND ANALYZING ARGUMENTS IN A POSITION PAPER

  • It enables writers to present a compelling case,
    support their position with evidence and logical
    reasoning, anticipate counterarguments, and
    establish credibility
A

GATHERING
1. Define objective
2. Conduct Research
3. Brainstorm
4. Organize Arguments
5. Evaluate Arguments

ANALYZING
1. Strengths and Weaknesses
2. Logical Coherence
3. Supporting Evidence
4. Counterarguments
5. Overall impact

79
Q

TECHNIQUES ON WRITING A POSITION PAPER; a good position paper will include

A
  • A brief introduction to the country and its history
    concerning the topic and committees;
  • How the topic affects the country;
  • The country’s policies with respect to the issue and the country’s justification for these policies;
  • Quotes from the country’s leaders about the issue;
  • Statistics to back up the country’s position on the issue;
  • Actions taken by the government with regard to the
    issue;
  • Conventions and resolutions that the country has
    signed or ratified;
  • UN actions that the country supported or opposed;
  • What the country believes should be done to address the issue; and
  • What the country would like to accomplish in each
    committee.
80
Q

Eleven Tips for Writing a Strong Position Paper:

A
  1. Review
  2. Select topic
  3. Conduct prelim. res
  4. Identify audience
  5. Clearly state position
  6. List and refute counterarguments
  7. Include supporting data
  8. Attribute using correct citations
  9. Keep it simple. not excessive in detail
  10. Each para should discus single idea
  11. Proofread

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