Psychological Disorders Part 5 Flashcards
schizophrenia
a brain disease, that causes the person to experience significant breaks from reality, a lack of integration of thoughts and emotions, and problems with attention and memory
schizophrenia is derived from greek roots meaning what?
“split mind”
true or false: Schizophrenia is not a “split personalitY”
true
between __% and __% of the population will develop schizophrenia
between .4% and 1%
what are the 5 forms of schizophrenia?
1) paranoid schizophrenia
2) disorganized schizophrenia
3) catatonic schizophrenia
4) undifferentiated schizophrenia
5) residual schizophrenia
paranoid schizophrenia
symptoms include delusional beliefs that one is being followed, watched, persecuted
disorganized schizophrenia
symptoms include thoughts, speech, behaviour and emotion that are poorly integrated and incoherent
catatonic schizophrenia
Symptoms include episodes in which a person remains mute and immobile – sometimes in bizarre positions – for extended periods
Undifferentiated schizophrenia
This category includes individuals who show a combination of symptoms from more than one type of schizophrenia
residual schizophrenia
this category reflects individuals who some symptoms of schizophrenia but are either in transition to a full-blown episode or in remission
positive symptoms
the presence of maladaptive behaviours, such as confused and paranoid thinking, and inappropriate emotional reactions
hallucinations
alterations in perception, such that a person hears, sees, smells, feels, or tastes something that does not actually exist, except in that persons own mind
delusions
beliefs that are not based on reality
incoherent speech
“word salad”
disordered thinking
a deficit in utilizing “executive functions”, such as attention, rule switching, forming associations or dealing with abstractions
true or false: schizophrenics have very high or very low rate of blinking
true
negative symptoms
the absence of adaptive behaviour, such as absent or flat emotional reactions, lack of interacting with others in a social setting and lack of motivation
4 negative symptoms
1) loss of motivation
2) emotional flatness - unresponsive facial expressions, poor eye contact, diminished emotionally
3) poverty of speech - brief, empty replies in conversation
4) social withdrawal
neurodevelopmental hypothesis
the adult manifestation of what we call “schizophrenia” is the outgrowth of disrupted neurological development early in the persons life
seasonlity effect
higher schizophrenia rates in people born during the winter months (flu season, thus affecting neuron migration)
weak correlations also exist with what 5 factors?
- maternal stress
- environmental toxins
- birth complications
- vitamin D deficiency
- living in a city
ventricles are ____ larges in schizophrenics
20-30%
antipsychotic drugs
medications used to treat symptoms of psychosis, including delusions, hallucinations and severely disturbed or disorganized thought
typical antipsychotics
medications such as thorozine and haladol that blocked dopamine receptors
tardive dyskinesia
a movement disorder involving involuntary movement and facial tics
atypical antipsychotics
newer antipsychotic drugs, such as clozapine, that target different types of dopamine receptors and have fewer side effects
