Module 9.2 - Understanding Intelligence

Question 1

Savant

Answer 1

an individual with low mental capacity in most domains but extraordinary abilities in other specific areas such as music, mathematics or art

Question 2

factor analysis

Answer 2

a statistical technique that examines correlations between variables to find clusters of related variables, or “factors”

Question 3

scores on tests of vocabulary, reading comprehension, and verbal reasoning correlate highly together (factor analysis); these would form a __________ factor

Answer 3

language ability factor

Question 4

true or false: according to factor analysis, someone who is good at math is probably good at problem-solving

Answer 4

true

Question 5

spearman proposed that performance in tasks of mental ability was dependent on a general intelligence factor that he called ____

Answer 5

g

Question 6

g assumes what of intelligence?

Answer 6

assumes intelligence is a basic cognitive trait comprising the ability to learn, reason and solve problems, regardless of their nature

Question 7

what does g correlate with?

Answer 7

perceptual decision making speed and the efficiency of nerve conduction

Question 8

spearman suggested that along with the general influence of g, all tasks require specific abilities, ____

Answer 8

s

Question 9

monarchic

Answer 9

Spearmans theory that intelligence consists of a general ability (G) plus an unknown number of specific abilities (S)

Question 10

Louis Thurstone (1938) used factor analysis and found 7 different clusters of what he termed __________

Answer 10

primary mental abilities

Question 11

what were the 7 different clusters of that Thurstone found and termed primary mental abilities?

Answer 11

1) word fluency
2) verbal comprehension
3) numeric abilities
4) spatial visualization
5) memory
6) perceptual speed
7) reasoning

Question 12

true or false: spearman noted that thurstones 7 clusters were not correlated with each othe

Answer 12

FALSE: spearman noted that thurstones 7 clusters correlated with each other

Question 13

what were the 2 components that Raymond Cattell believed g had?

Answer 13

1) fluid intelligence (Gf)

2) crystallized intelligence (Gc)

Question 14

fluid intelligence (Gf)

Answer 14

a type of intelligence used in learning new information and solving new problems not based on knowledge the person already possesses

Question 15

crystallized intelligence (Gc)

Answer 15

a type of intelligence that draws upon past learning and experience

Question 16

true or false: fluid intelligence reaches its peak before age 20, remains steady and then decreases

Answer 16

true

Question 17

true or false: crystallized intelligence continues to increase with age so long as the person is active and alert

Answer 17

true

Question 18

sterberg suggested that there are 3 types of intelligence. what are they?

Answer 18

1) analytic
2) practical
3) creative

Question 19

what are the 2 forms of analytic intelligence

Answer 19

1) information processing strategies

2) meta-cognition

Question 20

information processing strategies

Answer 20

• recognizing the problem
• selecting a method for solving it
• mastering and carrying out the strategy
• evaluating the result

Question 21

meta-cognition

Answer 21

students whoa re weak in meta-cognition spend too little time on difficult material and too much time on material they already know

Question 22

practical intelligence

Answer 22

the ability to find solutions to real-world problems that are encountered in daily life and the ability to adjust to new environments, learn how to get things done and accomplish goals

Question 23

what is practical intelligence believed to have a great deal to do with?

Answer 23

ones job performance and success

Question 24

creative intelligence

Answer 24

the ability to create new ideas and generate novel solutions to problems

Question 25

multiple intelligences

Answer 25

a model claiming that there are 8 (now updated to at least 9) different forms of intelligence, each independent from the others

Question 26

what is the problem with multiple intelligences theory?

Answer 26

theory is unfalsifiable: you can always think up a new type of intelligence to account for the data

Question 27

emotional intelligence (EQ) is the ability to do what 4 things?

Answer 27

1) identify your own and other peoples emotions accurately
2) express your emotions clearly
3) regulate emotions in yourself and others
4) delay gratification

Question 28

frontal lobe damage impairs ____

Answer 28

EQ

Question 29

true or false: males and females have the same average IQ score, but there is much greater variability in male scores

Answer 29

tru

Question 30

true or false: there are more women who are geniuses

Answer 30

FALSE: there are more men who are geniuses

Question 31

true or false: there are more men with substantial intellectual challenges

Answer 31

true

Question 32

true or false: women have 10% more white matter

Answer 32

true

Question 33

why is the frontal cortex bulkier in women?

Answer 33

they have more neurons in the language processing areas of the temporal lobe

Question 34

______ (spatial skills/attention) and _____ (emotional reactions) are larger in men

Answer 34

parietal cortex, amygdala

Question 35

true or false: inconsistent sex difference related to grey matter

Answer 35

true

Question 36

what are the sex differences that appear in lateralization of language?

Answer 36

males show left-hemisphere activation only; females, left and right

Question 37

______ influence brain development in utero

Answer 37

sex hormones

Question 38

true or false: brain areas with the largest sex differences also have the most sex hormone receptors

Answer 38

true