production of semen

Question 1

what are the 3 stages of sperm

Answer 1

spermatocyte
spermatid
spermatozoon

Question 2

what are the parts of the sperm

Answer 2

end piece
principle piece
middle piece
head
nucleus
acrosome

Question 3

where does the sperm go after being made

Answer 3

travels from the seminiferous tubules to the rete testis, then efferent ductules and epididymis

Question 4

what is the function of the epididymis

Answer 4

concentrates the semen 
sperm modelling
metabolism 
motility of sperm 
changes the membrane components
storage for several months

Question 5

where is the bulbourethral gland

Answer 5

just below the prostate

Question 6

what type of seminal fluid is produced in the seminal vesicle

Answer 6

alkaline, gelatinous

Question 7

what type of seminal fluid is produced in the prostate

Answer 7

acidic and watery

Question 8

what type of seminal fluid is produced in the bulbourethral glands

Answer 8

viscous and clear

Question 9

what are the 3 accessory glands

Answer 9

prostate
seminal vesicle
bulbourethral gland

Question 10

what are the major constituents of ejaculate

Answer 10

spermatozoa 
fructose
inositol 
citric acid
glycerylphosphorylcholine acid phosphatase

Question 11

what is the function of fructose

Answer 11

anaerobic energy

Question 12

what is the function of inositol

Answer 12

osmotic ballast

Question 13

what is the function of citric acid

Answer 13

depresses semen coagulation

Question 14

what is the function of glycerylphosphoryl choline

Answer 14

source of choline in phospholipid metabolism

Question 15

what is the function of acid phosphatase

Answer 15

cleaves choline from gylcerophosphoryl choline

Question 16

what artery runs through the corpus cavernosum

Answer 16

profunda artery

Question 17

what part of the penis creates erection

Answer 17

corpus cavernosum

Question 18

what part of the penis does the urethra travel through

Answer 18

corpus spongiosum

Question 19

what produces arousal

Answer 19

psychological stimuli
tactile stimuli (brain and local spinal reflexes)

Question 20

what part of the nervous system maintains flaccidity

Answer 20

lower thoracic and lumbar spinal segments of the sympathetic nervous system

Question 21

what part of the nervous system creates errection

Answer 21

erection centre in the sacro spinal segments of PSNS

Question 22

how does the penis become erect

Answer 22

dilation of arterioles
closing of arteriovenous shunts that normally bypass the cavernosa
occlusion of veins that drain the penis

Question 23

how does the parasympathetic NS create relaxation of vascular smooth muscle

Answer 23

ACh acts on vascular endothelial cells
this triggers NO release
this relaxes smooth muscle

Question 24

what might failure to obtain an erection be caused by

Answer 24

damage to the cavernosa
obstruction of arteries 
drugs that block the PSNS
psychological factors 
stress with high SNS activity

Question 25

where is the ejaculation center

Answer 25

lower thoracic and lumbar spinal cord

Question 26

what are the two phases of ejaculation

Answer 26

emission phase

expulsion phase

Question 27

what happens in the emission phase

Answer 27

smooth muscle contraction in the walls of the genital tract which expels semen into the urethral bulb

Question 28

what happens in the expulsion phase

Answer 28

rhythmic contractions of the penis and bulbocavernosus muscle
ejects the semen in spurts

Question 29

how long is a typical refractory phase

Answer 29

ten mins to one hour

Question 30

what is the first component of ejaculate

Answer 30

prostate rich in acid phosphatase and citric acid

Question 31

what is the second component of ejaculate

Answer 31

vas deferens

rich in spermatozoa

Question 32

what is the third component of ejeculate

Answer 32

seminal vesicle

rich in fructose

Question 33

where are the rete testes

Answer 33

mediastinum testes

Question 34

where does semen enter in the emission phase

Answer 34

urethral bulb

Question 35

are sperm anaerobic or aerobic

Answer 35

anaerobic