absorption and secretion Flashcards

1
Q

describe the process of active transport through the tubular epithelia

A

The sodium-potassium pump transports sodium from the
interior of the cell across the basolateral membrane crea8ng
a low intracellular sodium concentra8on and nega8ve
intracellular electrical poten8al.
• This causes sodium to diffuse from the tubular lumen into
the epithelial cells through the brush border.

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2
Q

what is an example of secondary active transport

A

SGLT- sodium glucose co transporter

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3
Q

what substances are reabsorbed in the loop of henle

A

20% water

25% Na, Cl, and K

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4
Q

what are the features of the thick ascending loop

A

actively transports sodium, Cl and K and other ions

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5
Q

where do loop diuretics act

A

thick ascending limb

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6
Q

name some loop diuretics

A

furosemide

butenamide

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7
Q

what do principle cells in the dct absorb

A

water and sodium

secretes potassium

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8
Q

what do intercalated cells absorb

A

pottasium and secrete H+ ions into lumen

synthesises bicarb

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9
Q

where do thiazide diuretics act

A

sodium, chloride co transporter in the Dct

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10
Q

where do loop diuretics act

A

thick ascending limb- sodium, chlorine and potassium co transporter

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11
Q

what is spironolactone and eplenenone

A

aldosterone antagonists

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12
Q

what is amiloride

A

sodium channel blocker

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13
Q

what can collecting duct excrete

A

hydrogen ions which help control the acid base balance

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14
Q

what does aldosterone and angiotensin 2 do

A

increase salt and water reabsorption and increase potassium secretion

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15
Q

what does atrial naturetic hormone do

A

decrease salt reabsorption

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16
Q

what does parathyroid hormone do

A

decrease phosphate reabsorption,

increase calcium reabsorption

17
Q

where is aldosterone produced

A

adrenal cortex

18
Q

where does aldosterone act

A

collecting duct

19
Q

how does aldosterone work

A

stimulates the sodium potassium atp-ase pump

20
Q

what does angiotensin 2 do

A

contricts arterioles in the kidney

stimulates sodium reabsorption

21
Q

what receptors does ADH bind to

A

V2

22
Q

where does parathyroid hormone act

A

DCT

23
Q

what does atrial naturetic peptide do

A

opposite of aldosterone

decreases blood pressure by increase naturesis and diuresis

24
Q

what is the function of the DCT

A

reabsorbs sodium, water and bicarbonate
secretes potassium
synthesises bicarb

25
Q

where are priniciple (K+ secretion) and intercalated cells (H+ secretion and bicarb synthesis) found

A

cortical collecting duct

does the fine adjustments

26
Q

why is urea drawn out of the collecting duct

A

in order to increase the osmolarity of the interstitium