drug and alcohol addiction Flashcards
what are the criteria for a substance use disorder
- Taking the substance in larger amounts or for longer than you meant to
- Wanting to cut down or stop using the substance but not managing to
- Spending a lot of time getting, using, or recovering from use of the substance
- Cravings and urges to use the substance
- Not managing to do what you should at work, home or school, because of
substance use - Continuing to use, even when it causes problems in relationships
- Giving up important social, occupational or recreational activities because of
substance use - Using substances again and again, even when it puts you in danger
- Continuing to use, even when you know you have a physical or psychological
problem that could have been caused or made worse by the substance
10.Needing more of the substance to get the effect you want (tolerance)
11.Development of withdrawal symptoms, which can be relieved by taking more of
the substance.
what class of drugs are cannabis, LSD, mushrooms, solvents
hallucinogens
what class of drugs are cocaine, amphetamine, nicotine, caffeine, ecstasy
Stimulants
what class of drugs are alcohol, benzodiazepines and opiods
depressants
what are the signs of cannabis use
Bloodshot eyes, brown fingers,
drowsiness/slowed down, smell, lack of
focus/concentration
what are the signs of stimulant use
Agitation, pressure of speech, lack of
focus/concentration, mood fluctuation
what are the signs of opiate use
Gauching, ‘pinned’ pupils, signs of injecting,
brown fingers, flu like symptoms (withdrawal)
what are the signs of sedative use
Drowsiness, slurred speech, poor
memory/recollection
what proportion of addiction is believed to be heritable
50%
what factors should be considered in the biopsychosocial model
predisposing factors protective factors precipitating factors maintaining factors presenting problems
what are the criteria for diagnosis of a substance misuse disorder
impaired control
social impairment
risky behaviour
pharmacological criteria
what is the moral model of addiction
addiction is wilful violation of societal rules
no biological basis
human weakness
lack of morals
what is the dispositional disease model
loss of control and restraint
no cure except for total abstinence
causative factor is the individual
what is the medical model of addiction
genetic and psychological process in addiction
biological conditions which cause addiction
pharmacology of the substance
agent of change is drs
what is the personality model
individual has abnormal personality
poor impulse control etc
restructuring of personality in order to cure person
what is the behavioral model
conditioning is behaviour modification - classical conditioning
substance misuse is a learned behaviour so treatment involves re learning
what is associative leaning
classical conditioning
connecting two otherwise unrelated cues,
what is instrumental learning
aka operant conditioning
learning to connnect actions with consequences
what is the cognitive model
perception and thought influence behaviour
addictive thinking maintains drug use
change in motivation, cognition and appraisal can change addictive behaviours
what are thinking errors
permission giving minimisation rationalisation denial blaming
what is the biopsycosocial model
interaction of biological factors, mental and social factors
holistic
predisposing factors, precipitating events, maintaining factors, and protective factors
in order to treat addictions you must understand what caused them and what maintains them
and what is the presenting problem
protective factors- what is there to help them
how is the patient assesed
interview and standard assessment measures
corroboration from others
objective assessment of health
initial treatment plan
