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Drew 923 > Pregnancy & Aging > Flashcards

Pregnancy & Aging Flashcards

1
Q

How do pregnant patients prevent CMV infection?

A

don’t share food

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2
Q

What are the consequences of CMV infection?

A

mental retardation

hearing & vision loss

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3
Q

How do pregnant patients prevent Listeria?

A

re-heat deli meats, avoid unpasteurized foods

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4
Q

What are the consequences of Listeria infection?

A

miscarriage

pre-term labor

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5
Q

How do pregnant patients prevent Toxoplasma?

A

don’t mess w/ cat shit

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6
Q

How do pregnant patients prevent LCMV?

A

avoid rodents & droppings

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7
Q

What vaccines are indicated for pregnant patients?

A

Flu, Tdap

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8
Q

What vaccines are C/I for pregnant patients?

A

anything live/attenuated

1) LAIV
2) MMR
3) varicella
4) zoster

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9
Q

What organism is a problem during labor?

A

Group B Strep

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10
Q

How many women carry Group B Strep?

A

25%

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11
Q

What are the risks to the pregnancy of smoking?

A

2x risk of…

1) premature rupture
2) placental abruption
3) placenta previa

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12
Q

What are the risks of smoking during pregnancy to the baby?

A

1) 30% more likely to be premature
2) 1.4-3x more likely to die of SIDS
3) underweight

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13
Q

What level of marijuana use is proven to slow growth?

A

more than 6 x/wk

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14
Q

What are the consequences of marijuana use during pregnancy?

A

1) slowed fetal growth

2) decreased infant length

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15
Q

What are the consequences of heroine use during pregnancy?

A

1) slowed fetal growth
2) premature rupture
3) premature birth
4) stillbirth

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16
Q

What are infant withdrawal symptoms and when are they experienced?

A

w/in first 3 days of life

1) fever
2) sneezing
3) trembling
4) irritability, crying
5) N/V/D
6) seizures

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17
Q

What are the consequences of smelling glues/solvents during pregnancy?

A

1) slow fetal growth
2) miscarriage
3) preterm birth
4) birth defects

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18
Q

What are the facial features of FAS?

A

1) smooth ridge b/w nose & upper lip
2) thin upper lip
3) short distance b/w inner & outer corners of eyes

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19
Q

What are FASDs?

A

1) FAS
2) ARND (Neuro Disorder)
3) ARBD (Birth defects)

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20
Q

What is the recommended Fe supplementation before pregnancy?

A

18 mg/day

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21
Q

What is the recommended Fe supplementation during pregnancy?

A

27 mg/day

22
Q

What are good sources of iron?

A

dark poultry, dried fruit, fe-fortified/whole grains, nuts/seeds, liver/red meats, seafood, dark green leafy veggies, baked potato w/ skin, beans/peas, blackstrap molasses

23
Q

When do neural tube defects develop?

A

18-30 days after conception

24
Q

What is spina bifida?

A

when the lower end of the neural tube fails to close

spinal cord not protected by membranes, vertebrae

25
Q

What infant disorders are caused by folate deficiency?

A

1) Anencephaly

2) Spina bifida

26
Q

What is anencephaly?

A

when portion of neural tube forming the brain doesn’t close –> lacking skull, parts of brain
leads to death

27
Q

What is the recommended folate intake for all childbearing-aged women?

A

400 mcg/day

28
Q

What is the recommended folate intake for pregnant women?

A

800 mcg/day

29
Q

What is the max recommended folate intake

A

1000 mcg/day

30
Q

What is the recommended folate intake if a prior NTD-pregnancy was had?

A

4000 mcg/day

31
Q

What foods are good sources of folic acid?

A
    • fortified cereals, enriched breads, pasta
    • broccoli, romaine, aspargus, spinach
    • black beans, lentils, peanuts
    • orange juice from concentration
32
Q

What is the recommended amount of exercise for pregnant women?

A

150 mins/wk

33
Q

What types of exercise should pregnant women avoid?

A

1) contact, bouncing, impact
2) scuba, high altitude
3) overheating during 1st trimester
4) on back after 1st trimester

34
Q

How many extra kcal/day are required during pregnancy?

A

300 kcal/day

35
Q

What foods should be avoided during pregnancy?

A

1) raw/unpasteurized
2) Hg-fish (tuna, mackerel, sport fish, shellfish)
3) < 200 mg caffeien
4) raw sprouts (alfalfa!)
5) refrigerated pates, meat spreads, smoked fish
6) herbal supplements & teas

36
Q

What is the recommended weight gain for underweight patients?

A

28-40 #

37
Q

What is the recommended weight gain for normal pts?

A

25 - 35 #

38
Q

What is the recommended weight gain for overwieght pts?

A

15-25#

39
Q

What is the recommended weight gain for obese pts?

A

11 - 20 #

40
Q

When should a pt be tested for gestational diabetes?

A

24-48 weeks

41
Q

What are the risk factors for GD?

A

1) f/h
2) prior stillbirth, large baby
3) overweight, HTN
4) 25 yo
5) multiple pregnancy
6) UTI, skin, genital infection

42
Q

What is recommended Na limitation for seniors?

A

less than 1500 mg/day for everyone over 50

43
Q

How much is 1500 mg of Na?

A

2/3 tsp

44
Q

How much B6 is recommended for elderly?

A

1.7 mg (1.5)

45
Q

How much B12 is recommended for elderly?

A

2.4 mg

46
Q

How much C is recommended for elderly pts?

A

90 mg (75)

+ 30 if smoker

47
Q

How much Vit. D is recommended for elderly pts?

A

600 IU

if greater than 70, 800 IU
DNE 4000 IU

48
Q

How much Ca is recommended for elderly pts?

A

1200 mg

if man b/w 50 & 70, 1000mg
DNE 2000mg

49
Q

What is the cure for FASDs?

A

none

50
Q

What can cause anemia in the preggo pt?

A

Fe-deficiency

sickle-cell/thallasemia

51
Q

What are the risks of being anemic during pregnancy?

A

1) pre-term birth

2) low birthweight

Drew 923 (28 decks)

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