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Drew 923 > Peds Growth & Development > Flashcards

Peds Growth & Development Flashcards

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1
Q

How does brain compare to TBW & BEE in an infant?

A

10% of TBW

44% of BEE

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2
Q

Since when have growth charts been around? When was the last update?

A

1977, updated in 2000

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3
Q

How many total growth charts are there?

A

16

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4
Q

When is head circumference used as an anthropometric measure?

A

< 36 months

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5
Q

What charts are age-based?

A

1) stature
2) weight
3) BMI

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6
Q

What anthropometric measurements are used in growth charts?

A

1) height
2) weight
3) length
4) head-circumference

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7
Q

When does the anterior fontanelle close?

A

6 months

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8
Q

When does the posterior fontanelle close?

A

12 months

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9
Q

What are the cranial sutures?

A

1) metopic
2) coronal
3) lambdoid
4) sagittal

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10
Q

How many bones make up the normal skull?

A

5

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11
Q

What is craniosynostosis?

A

congenital defect when the occipital fontanelle prematurely closes

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12
Q

What percentile ranks signal overweight?

A

> 95th% in..

1) BMI-for-age
2) weight-for-length

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13
Q

What percentile rank signals “at risk for overweight?”

A

85-95% in…

1) BMI for age
2) weight for length

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14
Q

What percentile rank signals underweight?

A

< 5% in…

1) BMI for age
2) weight for length

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15
Q

What percentile rank in what chart signals short stature?

A

<5% in stature-for-age

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16
Q

What percentile rank signals developmental problems?

A

upper/lower 5% in head circumference-for-age

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17
Q

What percentile rank in what charts signals FTT?

A

<5% in…

1) primarily weight-for-age
2) weight-for-height
3) height-for-age

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18
Q

What are the complications of FTT?

A

1) decreased development & cognitive function

- - brain development in 1st year = rest of life

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19
Q

Caloric requirement if 0-6 months.

A

108 kcal/kg

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20
Q

Caloric requirement if 6-12 months?

A

98 kcal/kg

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21
Q

Caloric requirement if 11-3 years?

A

102 kcal/kg

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22
Q

Caloric requirement if 4-6 years?

A

90 kcal/kg

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23
Q

Caloric requirement if 7-10 years?

A

70 kcal/kg

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24
Q

Caloric requirement if 11-14 years?

A

55 (47) kcal/kg

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25
Caloric requirement if 15-18 years?
45 (40) kcal/kg
26
Protein requirement if 0-6 months?
2.2 g/kg
27
Protein requirement if 6-12 months?
1.6 g/kg
28
Protein requirement if 1-3 years?
1.2 g/kg
29
Protein requirement if 4-6 years?
1.1 g/kg
30
Protein requirement if 7-10 years?
1.0 g/kg
31
Protein requirement if 11-14 years?
1 (1) g/kg
32
Protein requirement if 15-18 years?
0.9 (0.8) g/kg
33
What are the advantages of breastfeeding for the mom?
1) decreased uterus size 2) better calorie utilization 3) decreased risk of breast cancer 4) convenient 5) cheap 6) maternal-infant bonding UCCCCB (U foresee a Boob)
34
What are the advantages of breastfeeding for the infant?
1) faster GI emptying 2) fewer GI diseases 3) immunoprotective 4) fewer allergies 5) bonding BIG-A
35
What immunoprotective compounds are passed by the mother via milk?
1) lactoferrin | 2) immunoglobulins
36
What are the disadvantages of breastfeeding?
1) increased risk of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (jaundice) 2) time 3) local tenderness
37
If no fluoride in the water, and infant is breasfeed, what is the appropriate supplement?
10 mcg/day F for 6 months
38
If not enough sunshine is being obtained and the infant is breastfed, what is the appropriate supplement?
Vit. D 10 mcg/day
39
If the baby is premature and breastfed, what is the appropriate supplement?
Fe
40
When is breastfeeding contraindicated?
1) infant/maternal dz 2) cosmetic breast surgery 3) galactosemia of the infant
41
What is the usual standard formula for breastfeeding replacement?
Cow's Milk formula
42
How is cow's milk formula supplied?
1) concentrated (40 kcal/(oz or tbsp)) | 2) ready to use
43
How do cow's milk formulations vary?
1) CHO from lactose 2) protein content 3) whey:casein ratio 4) Fe supplementation
44
What is notable about Enfamil premium & Similac Advance?
Contain FAs DHA & ARA for potential visual/neuro benefit
45
Which cow's milk formula is 100% whey?
Carnation goodstart
46
Which cow's milk formulas are low-lactose?
Lactofree | Similac sensitive
47
What population is a candidate for protein-modified formula?
1) cow or soy- sensitive 2) lactose intolerant/galactosemic 3) hi-risk for atopic dz 4) severe/chronic malabsorption
48
How do protein-modified formulas vary?
1) hydrolyzed 2) phenylketonuria 3) AA-based 4) Soy-based
49
What population is a candidate for fat-modified formula?
1) difficult fat digestion 2) CF or pancreatic insufficiency 3) bile acid deficiency
50
What type of fat is supplied by fat-modified formula?
MCTs (passive diffusion)
51
What population is a candidate for CHO-modified formula?
suspected/confirmed CHO intolerance
52
What formulas are CHO-modified?
323A | Ross CHO Free (RCF)
53
What population is a candidate for Preterm Infant Formula?
pre-term/VLBW infants
54
What is different about preterm infant formulas?
1) 24 kcal/oz 2) 40-50% MCT 3) more minerals, vitamins
55
What formulas are pre-term (but not transitional)?
1) Enfamil Premature | 2) Similac Special Care
56
What formulas are pre-term transitional?
Similac Neosure | EnfaCare
57
When should cow's milk be introduced?
1 year
58
When should iron-fortified rice cereal be introduced?
4-6 mos
59
When should strained veggies & fruits be introduced?
5 months
60
When should finely minced foods & meats be introduced?
8 months
61
What are the various types of infant formulas?
1) cow's milk 2) protein-modified 3) fat-modified 4) CHO-modified 5) pre-term infant
62
When should infant formulas be used?
1) if not breasfed | 2) if inadequate weight
63
What is the normal feed volume for 0-1 wk?
30 - 90 mL
64
What is the normal feed volume for <1 month?
60 - 120 mL
65
What is the normal feed volume for 1-3 mos?
120 - 180 mL
66
What is the normal feed volume for 3-6 months?
180 - 210 mL
67
What is the normal feed volume for 5-9 months?
210 - 240 mL
68
What is the normal feed volume for 9-12 months?
210 - 240 mL
69
What is the general rule for feed volume?
6 oz/kg/day

Drew 923 (28 decks)

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