Nutrition & the Role of the Pharmacist Flashcards
Who mapped the circulation and when?
William Harvey, 1628
Who performed the first successful blood transfusion and when?
James Blundell, 1818
Who infused saline for cholera and when?
Thomas Latta, 1831
Who infused eggs, milk, and sugar, and when?
Claude Bernard, 1843
Who analyzed blood nitrogen and when?
Otto Folin, 1911
Who discovered that bacterial remnants are pyrogens, and when?
Florence Seibert, 1925
Who discovered that BMR is best related to BSA and when?
FG Benedict, 1930
Who identified the essential AAs and when?
WC Rose, 1930
Who discovered injury’s effect on protein turnover and when?
George Whipple, 1932
Who discovered the catabolic response to injury and when?
DP Cuthbertson, 1936
Who administered casein hydrolysates instead of plasma for protein and when?
Robert Elman, 1936
Who formulated TPN and when?
Dudrick, Rhoads, Vars @ UPenn in 1967
How does fatty liver come about?
1) increased glucose
2) increased insulin
3) glucose stored in liver, not adipose
What is the fluid requirement to prevent pulmonary edema?
less than 3500 mL
What happens when fluid exceeds 3500 mL?
pulmonary edema
What is a consequence of using D15W?
thrombosis if used in peripheral veins
What form of dextrose solution should be used in peripheral veins?
d5
What IV fluid solution is best for long-term therapy?
ringers
Why is NS not generally used for long-term TPN?
acidosis
What is the caloric density of a CHO?
3.4 kcal/g
What is the caloric density of fat?
9 kcal/g
What was travenol’s protein product?
hydrolysates of beef blood fibrin
What was abbot’s protein product?
casein hydrolysates
What were the disadvantages of the early protein TPN products?
1) crude products –> uremia, not enough usable protein
2) bacterial contamination
- – aseptic technique not used
