Nutrition for the Chronically Ill Adult Flashcards

1
Q

'’What are the 5 parts of a nutrition assessment?’’

A

'’1) Anthropometric, 2) Biochemical, 3) Clinical, 4) Dietary Methods, 5) Environment’’

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2
Q

'’What is anthropometry?’’

A

'’the measurement of physical dimensions and body composition’’

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3
Q

'’What is measured in the anthropometric portion of the nutrition assessment?’’

A

'’Height, weight, and head circumference (babies)’’

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4
Q

'’What is measured in the biochemical portion of the nutrition assessment?’’

A

'’serum proteins, Hgb, lipids’’

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5
Q

'’What is measured in the clinical portion of the nutrition assessment?’’

A

'’Signs and symptoms of malnutrition during examination’’

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6
Q

'’What is measured during the dietary methods portion of the nutrition assessment?’’

A

'’the quantity of food consumed over a time period’’

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7
Q

'’What are the 3 types of dietary recalls used in the nutrition assessment?’’

A

'’1) 24-hour dietary recall, food diary, food frequency questionnaire’’

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8
Q

'’What is measured during the environment portion of the nutrition assessment?’’

A

'’Access to food, income, home environment (cooking equipment & running water), etc’’

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9
Q

'’How is dysphagia diagnosed?’’

A

'’via bedside evaluation & modified Barium swallow’’

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10
Q

'’Describe esophageal dysphagia?’’

A

'’Food/liquid stops in the esophagus’’

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11
Q

'’What are the 2 types of dysphagia?’’

A

'’Esophageal and oropharyngeal’’

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12
Q

'’Describe oropharyngeal dysphagia?’’

A

'’The pt has difficulty forming bolus and initiating swallow’’

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13
Q

'’What causes esophageal dysphagia?’’

A

'’Cancer, esophageal stricture, muscle disorders’’

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14
Q

'’What causes oropharyngeal dysphagia?’’

A

'’Brain and nerve disorders’’

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15
Q

'’What are symptoms of oropharyngeal dysphagia?’’

A

'’drooling, coughing ,choking, food pocketing, gurgly voice’’

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16
Q

'’Which, liquids or solids, are more problematic in each type of dysphagia?’’

A

'’Esophageal: solids are problematic, Oropharyngeal: liquids are problematic’’

17
Q

'’Describe the various thicknesses of liquids.’’

A

'’1) thin, 2) syrup/nectar, 3) honey, 4) pudding’’

18
Q

'’Describe the various levels of dysphagia diets.’’

A

'’1) pureed, 2) minced, 3) ground, 4) chopped, 5) regular’’

19
Q

'’How is obesity measured?’’

A

'’BMI, waist circumference’’

20
Q

'’What is considered an obese waist circumference for men and women?’’

A

'’40” for men, 35” for women’’

21
Q

'’Describe the 2 types of fat deposition.’’

A

’‘“Apple” shape and “pear” shape’’

22
Q

'’How do the apple and pear shapes compare?’’

A

'’Apple is more dangerous due to internal organs and location-dependent adipocyte characteristics’’

23
Q

'’Which are the most obese and most lean states?’’

A

'’MS/WV are most obese, CO most lean’’

24
Q

'’What are the treatment goals for obesity?’’

A

'’1) prevent further gain, 2) reduce weight, 3) maintain lower weight, 4) establish short-term goals’’

25
Q

'’What are strategies to manage weight?’’

A

'’1) diet, 2) behavior, 3) physical activity, 4) pharmacotherapy, 5) surgery’’

26
Q

'’What are the recommended weight loss per week goals based on BMI?’’

A

'’1) BMI > 35, 1-2 lb/wk; 2) BMI 27-35, .5-1 lb/wk’’

27
Q

'’How are burns characterized?’’

A

'’1) % Total BSA, 2) Thickness (full or partial) & Location, 3) inhalation injury’’

28
Q

'’What sources of soluble fiber?’’

A

'’oat bran, barley, nuts/seeds, beans, lentils, peas, cucumbers, celery, carrots, psyllium’’

29
Q

'’What are sources of insoluble fiber?’’

A

'’wheat bran, nuts/seeds, zucchini, broccoli, cabbage, green beans, dark leafy veggies, grapes, raising, whole grains’’

30
Q

'’What factors of a burn injury contribute to poor food intake?’’

A

'’location, hands, depression, inhalation injury’’