Foodborne Illness Flashcards
What government agencies regulate & monitor foodborne illness?
1) Foodborne Disease Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet)
2) FDA via the Food Safety Modernization Act of 2011
When was FoodNet established?
1996
What does FoodNet provide?
spatio-temporal tracking via local & state health dept reporting
What were the new regulations set by the Food Safety Modernization Act of 2011?
1) FDA (not USDA) has inspection /recall authority
2) FDA to allocate resources for facility & import inspection
3) importers must comply with adulteration / misbranding
What is the most common FBI bacterial pathogen?
Campylobacter
Where is campylobacter found? How is transmitted
bird intestine
– contaminated food & droppings
Where is E. coli O157:H7 found? How is transmitted
cattle intestine
– contaminated food
Where is Salmonella found? How is transmitted
birds, reptiles, mammals
– contaminated food
What organisms secrete exo/entero-toxins?
1) Clostridium
2) Bacillus
3) Staph
When do toxin-induced FBI symptoms manifest?
6-24 h post ingestion
How is the Clostridium spore killed?
must be boiled under pressure
– not normally killed at 160 F
What makes the Staph toxin virulent?
heat stable
– causes intense vomiting
What is the most common cause of FBI?
Calcivirus / Norovirus (2/3 of all cases)
How is calcivirus spread?
fecal-oral transmission
- oysters
- water
- cake frosting
- salad
Describe the incubation period & duration of calcivirus FBI?
incubation is 12-48 h
duration is 1 - 5 days
What viruses cause FBI?
1) Enterovirus
2) HepA
3) HepE
4) Rotovirus
5) Calci-/Noro-virus
How long is HepA’s incubation period?
2-6 weeks
What parasites cause FBI?
1) Giardia,
2) Cryptosporidum
3) Cyclospora
4) Entamoeba
What are the most common parasites for FBI?
Giardia & Cryptosporidium
How many Salmonella cases go undiagnosed for every diagnosis?
29
What organism was responsible for the Shelbyville Claudia Sanders Dinner House FBI outbreak in 2008?
Staph
What organism was responsible for the King Nut peanut butter FbI outbreak of 2008/2009?
Salmonella typhimurium
What to do if contamination is suspected?
1) search FDA, call distributer, call CDC-INFO
2) place in closed plastic bag in sealed trash can
What organism was responsible for the Wright County / Hillandale Farm Egg Distributor Recalls in 2010?
Salmonella
