POLA-ATM to be added to Lori's deck Flashcards
Wistar rats commonly develop what neoplasm?
A. Pituitary basophil adenoma
B. Mammary carcinoma
C. Pheochromocytoma
D. Hepatoblastoma
C. Pheochromocytomas are very common in Wistar rats, and common in other rat strains
-most pituitary tumors are chromophobe adenomas so basophil adenomas, mammary carcinoma is rare (mammary fibroadenomas most common) Hepatoblastomas are rare
Fisher 344 (F344) rats are known for developing which tumors most commonly?
A. Large granular cell leukemia and Interstitial testicular tumors
B. Pheochromocytomas
C. Endometrial carcinoma and lymphomas
D. Polyarteritis
A. Large granular cell leukemia and interstitial testicular tumors
- pheochromocytoma are known best in Wistar rats
- lymphomas and endometrial carcinoma are in Lewis rats
- Polyarteritis can form nodules, but is not a neoplasm and is best seen in SHR (Spontaneous Hypertensive)
Urothelial carcinoma in the bladder is associated with?
A. Brown Norway, Trichosomoides crassicauda
B. Sprague-Dawley, Pituitary tumors
C. Laelaps echidnina
D. Notoedres muris
A. Brown Norway rats are predisposed to spontaneous urinary tract carcinoma (strain also known for asthma model). Trichosomoides crassicauda bladder threadworm parasite is associated with proliferative bladder lesions, urolithiasis, and neoplasms!
- Laelaps echidnina* - is the spiny rat mite, transmits Hepatozoon sp.
- Notoedres muris* is the ear mange mite causes proliferative dermatitis on pinnae, legs, tail
Dahl Salt Sensitive (DSS1-3) rats are most prone to what clinical and pathological disease?
hypertension and cardiomyopathy on high salt diet
also obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperlipidemia
Eker rats are known for hereditary renal cell carcinoma due to?
A. WT1 (Wilms tumor 1)
B. PPIB (Peptidylprolyl Isomerase B)
C. TSC2 (tubular sclerosis 2)
Insertional mutation in Tsc2 (tubular sclerosis 2) tumor suppressor gene
WT1 wilms tumor 1 marker on IHC for nephroblastomas in rats, dogs, etc
PPIB is gene mutation in HERDA horses (quarter horses with regional dermal asthenia, stretchy skin)
BioBreeding Rat (BB-DP and BB-DR) are diabetes prone due to?
A. lymphocytic thyroiditis
B. lymphocytic destruction of beta cells
C. lymphocytic destruction of alpha cells
D. lymphocytic destruction of delta cells
B. lymphocytic destruction of beta cells! Beta cells produce insulin, so their destruction contributes to pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (develops about 60-120 days, they are prone to ketosis, so must be similar to type I diabetics)
BB-DP BB-DR rats are also prone to lymphocytic thyroiditis but that does cause diabetes
in the pancreatic islets alpha cells produce glucagon and delta cells produce somatostatin
What strains of rats are prone to hyperbilirubinemia? (can pick one or more options!)
A. GUNN rat with mutation in UGT1A1 (UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1)
B. Long Evans Cinnamon rat (LEC) with deletion in ATP7b (copper transporting ATPase)
C. Nude rat athymic with Foxn1rnu
D. Zucker Fatty rat with hyperlipidemia Leprfa
A and B GUNN rats and Long Evans Cinnamon (remember cinnamon fur looks kinda yellow), both the enzymes mentioned here are in the hepatocytes and help with bile acid metabolism
Try to reason out that nude rats which are athymic have T cell deficient so are immunocompromised, not liver rat strain
Zucker Fatty rat is obesity model
Do rats have tonsils or gallbladders?
Yes or No
NO! no tonsils and no gallbladders!
Which maintains their thymus throughout life, mice or rats?
MICE
rats thymus involutes with age, commonly have ultimobranchial cysts
hemosiderin can accumulate and in spleen
If you see many mast cells in rat connective tissue this is likely a lesion?
T or F
FALSE, rats have increased mast cells in connective tissue compared to other species, this also means some CT tumors can have infiltrating mast cells and NOT be inflammation
Polyarteritis nodosa in Sprague Dawley rats can affect which organs (choose all correct)?
A. mesentery
B. pancreas
C. spermatic cord
D. tongue
E. brain
F. lungs
G. aorta
A. mesentery B. pancreas C. spermatic cord D. tongue
affects MUSCULAR arteries
NO reports of it in brain, lungs, or aorta
All are correct about spontaneous progressive cardiomyopathy in rats EXCEPT?
A. Young rats
B. Hypertensive rats
C. Males more than females
D. Idiopathic
A. young rats is WRONG, spontaneous progressive cardiomyopathy happens in aged rats over 1 year and is progressive, myofiber degeneration >necrosis >fibroplasia/fibrosis > mild chronic inflammation/mineral
Myocardial mineralization in rats which is age-related and secondary to myocardial injury would be considered?
A. metastatic mineralization
B. dystrophic mineralization
B dystrophic mineralization! this is the most common reason for incidental epicardial and myocardial mineralization in both rats and mice, common in many strains
an example of metastatic mineralization would be secondary to renal disease (renal secondary hyperparathyroidism)
Which strain of rats is predisposed to Large granular cell (leukocyte) leukemia?
Fisher 344 (F344) in fact large granular cell leukemia is also called Fisher rat leukemia
Large granular leukocyte leukemia can cause all of the following clinical pathologic abnormalities EXCEPT?
A. thrombocytopenia
B. Anemia
C. Leukemia
D. Azurophilic granules in mononuclear cells
E. Polycythemia
LGCL causes anemia so it does not cause polycythemia (increased RBC) it tends to be space occupying in spleen and liver so causes destruction of RBC
all others are features of large granular cell leukemia in Fisher F344 rats
