NHP Flashcards
Shigella targets which type of intestinal cell? a. enterocyte b. M cell c. Paneth cell d. Goblet cell
B. M cell - found in GALT, fn is to transport microbes across epithelial layer to lamina propria, act as an APC, lack microvilli. Differentation determined by RANKL. Don’t secrete anything. Paneth cells secrete antimicrobial peptides, found in the crypts.
Shigella causes all of the following lesions except: a. gingivitis b. reactive arthritis c. diphtheritic typhlocolitis d. duodenitis
D. duodenitis. Shigella does not affect the small intestine. Differentiates it from Yersinia, Campy, E. coli which can all affect large and small.
Ulcerative to fibrinohemorrhagic enterotyphlocolitis with clouds of bacteria surrounded by neutrophils and necrosis is a key feature of what disease in non-human primates: a. Salmonellosis b. Yersinia enterocolitica c. Shigellosis d. E. coli
B. Yersinia enterocolitica (and pseudotuberculosis). Part of YAACSS). Will also find epithelioid granulomas in the intestinal wall and LN’s as well as sepsis. Affects SI and LI unlike Shigella. Causes Peyer’s patch and hepatic abscesses.
Which ciliate protozoa is a normal organism in macaque GITs?
Balantidium coli
Squirrel monkey. Name the condition.
Cephalohematoma. From Vitamin C deficiency.
Defects in Type 1 and 4 collagen. This defect occurs from the type 4 collagen defect. Gets trauma from some reason and leads to blood loss. When Vitamn C is restrored, bone forms over the hematomas and stays permanent.
Tissue from a macacque. Morph and cause.
Intestinal amyloidosis, diffuse, severe. Commonly seen in implanted animals and those with low-grade inflammation.
Tissue from a cyno macaque. Cause.
Filarid parasites are the white strings, adults of Edesonfilaria malayensis. The orange is normal (not a lot of fat). found free in the abdominal cavity or in subserosal connective tissue of the abdominal (most frequently retroperitoneal) and thoracic cavities. “lumenless” glandular esophagus is characteristic. DDx: Dipetalonema and Mansonella (Tetrapetalonema) sp.: Abdominal or thoracic cavities (fibrinopurulent peritonitis or pleuritis) or in subcutaneous tissues (very little, if any, inflammatory response)
Tissue from a macaque. Etiology and significance?
Macacine herpesvirus-1 AKA Herpes B. Zoonotic and fatal to humans (encephalitis). Can be asymptomatic in macaques but when symptomatic it causes oral ulcers, cutaneous ulcers. Alphaherpesvirus so classic inclusions, cytolytic virus. Also causes hepatic necrosis, splenic necrosis, pneumonia, necrotizing esophagitis.
Skin lesions in monkeys include:
Alpha herpesviruses. Maculopapular skin rash with chronic infections. SIV.
Tissue from a baboon. Etiology?
Herpes papio. Also an alpha herpes similar to Herpes B in macaques.
Tissue from an owl monkey. Etiology and reservoir?
Saimirine herpes virus. Reservoir is squirrel money.
Etiology?
Simian varicella virus. Also an alphaherpesvirus.
New World monkey. Morph and etiology and reservoir.
Lymphoma. Caused by Saimiriine Herpesvirus 2 (prototypical gammaherpes virus). May see retro-orbital lymphoma. Reservoir is squirrel monkey.
Morph and etiology.
SRV. Retroperitoneal fibromatosis. Stays on the outside of the intestine.
Name the disease.
Noma. Gingivitis and osteomyelitis. Caused by simian retrovirus.
The most common cause of this lesion in macaques is:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tissue from a macaque. Associated lesion.
Hepatic lipidosis. This is saponification of fat from wasting.
Tissue from a langur. Name the disease.
Rickets. costochondral junctions.
Tissue from a macaque. Morph and cause?
Gastric papilloma from the trichostrongylid nematode Nochtia nochti.
Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus (pigs), Prosthenorchis elegans (NHP cecum), Moniliformis moniliformis (wild rodents, great apes) are examples of what type of parasite?
A. Nematodes
B. Arthropods
C. Acanthocephalans
D. Trematodes
These are the acanthocephala parasites, “thorny headed worms”
distinguishing histo characteristics:
Retractable proboscis armed with rows of hooks (spines) (see histo image on question card)
Hypodermis thicker than muscle layers; consists of two layers (felted layer and cross fibers containing lacunar channels) (bottom middle)
Two layers of somatic muscles: Outer circular and inner longitudinal (bottom middle)
Absent digestive tract (nutrients absorbed through thin cuticle) (center box)
Lemnisci with compressor muscles (top left box)
