Avian Flashcards
The eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions seen in fowl pox are known as?
Bollinger bodies
Which virus causes osteopetrosis in chickens?
A. Marek’s
B. Fowl pox
C. Reticuloendothelial Virus
D. Avian leukosis virus
D. Avian leukosis virus causes osteopetrosis in chickens. Also causes a lymphoid leukosis infiltration of the bursa from B cells associated with a p53 gene mutation AND weird tumors (sarcomas, hemangiomas, nephroblastomas) similar to REV and Marek’s
Avian leukosis virus causes B cell proliferation. What does Marek’s disease cause and what is the Ag that causes it? How is it transmitted?
T cell lymphoma with MD tumor-associated surface Ag; feather dander
Reticuloendotheliosis Virus causes:
A. B cell lymphoma in the bursa
B. T cell lymphoma in the peripheral nerves
C. B and T cell lymphomas in the liver, spleen and bursa
C. B and T cell lymphomas in the liver, spleen and bursa. A is ALV, B is MD.
This organism would most likely result in:
A. Necroproliferative dermatitis
B. Pancreatic necrosis
C. T cell lymphoma
D. Hepatic necrosis
A. Fowl pox has a distinctive dumbell shape on all EM. Can cause necroproliferative lesions of the skin as well as diphtheric lesions in the oral cavity/nasopharynx/trachea. Inclusions are called Bollinger Bodies.
This paramyxovirus can cause cecal tonsil necrosis, proventricular hemorrhage at the esophageal junction and conjunctival & cloacal hemorrhages:
A. Influenza
B. Avian leukosis virus
C. West Nile virus
D. Newcastle virus
D. Newcastle Virus. Previous image was hemorrhage at the proventricular-esophageal junction. Below is cecal tonsillary necrosis. These are all from the viscerotropic velogenic form of Newcastle. Fibrinoid vasculitis is the histo lesion.
3 causes of stomatitis in chickens:
Avian pox, Gallid herpesvirus-1 (infectious laryngotracheitis), Capillaria annulata or C. contorta, Trichomonas gallinae, Candida albicans, Aspergillus spp., and vitamin A deficiency.
Avian influenza is associated with:
A. H1N1
B. H5N1
C. H3N8
B. H5N1 is a type of avian influenza. Most are H5 and H7. H1N1 is swine origin and H3N8 is the strain that caused severe disease in horses and eventually greyhounds several years ago.
Pancreatic necrosis is associated with what disease in chickens?
A. Newcastle
B. Influenza
C. Fowl pox
D. Avian encephalomyelitis virus
B. Influenza and west nile virus both cause pancreatic necrosis
Corneal opacity in ducks is caused by:
A. Avian influenza
B. Newcastle disease
C. Duck viral hepatitis
D. West Nile Virus
A. Avian influenza (H5N1) causes corneal opacity in ducks.
This lesion in a duck would be more likely found in:
A. West Nile Virus
B. Duck Viral Hepatitis
C. Anatid Herpesvirus
A. West Nile Virus causes a non-heterophilic myocarditis. Other lesions include nonheterophilic meningoencephalitis, gray matter malacia, Purkinje cell necrosis, splenic necrosis and pancreatic necrosis.
What lesion does West Nile Virus cause in Chukars?
tracheitis
What virus can incorporate itself into the fowl pox genome?
Reticuloendotheliosis virus
Which poultry species are primarily affected by West Nile Virus
ducks/anseriformes and game birds (partridges and chukars)
Wrinkled eggs and hemorrhagic tracheitis/air saccuitis in poultry are a sign of?
infectious bronchitis virus (corona); also causes tubulointerstitial nephritis and nephrolithasis/uric acid crystals
Runting and Stunting syndrome in broiler chickens causing small intestinal malabsorption in chicks < 7 days old is associated with a :
A. flavivirus
B. coronavirus
C. picornavirus
D. paramyxovirus
C. picornavirus; causes dilated crypts with crypt necrosis. Flaccid and dilated, pale intestines with undigested food. Virus lives in the crypt epithelium.
Duck viral enteritis is caused by __________ and this breed of duck is most susceptible.
Anatid herpesvirus 1; Muscovies
Tissue from a duck. What is one associated lesion?
A. Penis prolapse
B. Nephrolithiasis
C. Pancreatitis
D. Meningoencephalitis
A. Penis prolapse. The annular bands are a classic lesion in Anatid Herpesvirus 1, the causative agent of duck viral enteritis. Duck virual enteritis also causes massive liver necrosis, hemorrhagic enteritis and esophagitis, tracheitis and lymphoid necrosis.
Inclusion body hepatitis is caused by what organism?
Fowl adenovirus-1. The liver becomes large and pale and friable. Histologically, there are basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies.
Swollen head syndrome in turkey is caused by:
Avian metapneumovirus
Tissue from a chicken. Most likely histologic finding:
A.erosions with intracytoplasmic inclusions
B. syncytial cells with intranuclear inclusions
C. nematode larvae
B. This is ILT caused by gallidherpesvirus 1. It is more common in chickens than gamebirds and causes epitheliual erosion and fibrinous exudate with hemorrhage. Histologically there are multinucleated syncytial cells with prominent intranuclear inclusions. Major cause of dyspnea.
Avian reovirus (Orthoreovirus) causes what gross lesions in broiler poultry?
A. lymphoproliferative disease
B. torticollis
C. egg binding
D. erosive arthritis
D. erosive arthritis caused by targeting of the virus for the synovium. Causes gastrocnemius rupture and synovitis, tendon sheath inflamation. Also causes myocarditis in turkey poults.
In chicken anemia virus infections, eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions as well as atrophy are found in what organs?
A. liver and myocardium
B. pancreas and spleen
C. thymus and bone marrow
D. thyroid follicular epithelium and tracheal epithelium
C. thymus and bone marrow have atrophy with prominent intranuclear inclusions. There is also bursal atrophy. It is also called blue wing disease because of the anemia and secondary gangrenous dermatitis. A good differential is infectious bursal disease, or Gumboro disease, caused by IBDV.
Lymphoproliferative disease virus (an alpha retrovirus) must be differentiated by PCR from what virus in wild turkeys because they both cause similar lesions?
Reticuloendotheliosis virus ( a gamma retrovirus)
Tissue from a wild turkey. List two differentials.
Lymphoproliferative disease virus and reticuloendotheliosis virus. Also pox virus should be on the list. This image shows a turkey brain with both LPDV and REV.
Co-infection with both turkey herpes virus and LPDV causes what disease?
myeloid lymphoblastic lymphoma;
Round to ovoid or indented nuclei
Coarse to clumped chromatin and 1 to 2 prominent nucleoli,
Pale, eosinophilic cytoplasm filled with bright, eosinophilic granules
Four differentials for air sacculitis in chickens:
Mycoplasma gallisepticum, E. coli, P. multiocida (fowl cholera), Chlamydia sp.. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Infectious coryza in chickens is caused by what organism?
Avibacterium paragallinarum
A common cause of salpingitis in laying hens is:
E. coli; causes coelomitis frequently as well as omphalitis in young chicks.
What is the cause of Hjarre’s disease in poultry?
chronic E. coli granulomas; coligranulomas
Fowl cholera is more common in this species? What causes it?
geese and turkeys> chickens; P. multocida
Give one associated lesion:
A. fibrinonecrotic bronchopneumonia
B. lymphocytic meningoencephalitis
C. Hjarr’e disease
D. corneal opacity
A. This is fowl cholera caused by P. multocida. A common lesion is fibrinonecrotic bronchopneuonia and caseous exudates in multiple organs from bacteremia and sepsis.
The triad of lesions of fibrinous pericarditis, air sacculitis and perihepatitis is commonly associated with what organisms?
Mycoplasma gallinarum
Salmonella enterica
Salmonella arizonae causes what in young turkey poults?
encephalitis
“Bronzed liver” as a result of bile staining is a common feature in what disease in chickens?
Salmonella gallinarium (fowl typhoid).
Tissue from a turkey. Common associated lesion:
A. multifocal hepatic necrosis with intracellular baceria
B. multifocal hepatic necrosis with intranuclear inclusions
C. fibrinous coelomitis
D. meningitis
A. mutlifocal hepatic necrosis with intracellular bacteria. This is vegetative valvular endocarditis in a turkey with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Bacteria are in Kupferr cells in the liber. There is purulent arthritis, swollen snoods and dewlaps and splenohepatomegaly as well.
Tissue from a duck. Mosdt likely cause?
Reimerella anatipestifer; also causes fibropurulent meningoencephalitis and polyserositis (hepatitis, pericarditis and airsacculitis, etc)
Tissue from a chicken. Most likely cause?
Clostridium perfringens (type A>C) or C. septicum.