plant infection and response. Flashcards
what symptoms may a plant present if they have a disease?
stunted growth.
spots on leaves.
areas of decay.
growths.
malformed stems or leaves.
discoloration.
presence of pests.
where or who can you go to to identify whether a plant has a disease or not?
consult a gardening manual or website.
taking infected plants to a lab to identify the pathogen.
using testing kits which contain monoclonal antibodies.
examples of plant diseases and what there symptoms are.
TMV- tobacco mosaic virus.
mosaic pattern of discolouration on leaves. reduces chlorophyll.
affects growth due to lack of photosynthesis.
ROSE BLACK SPOT- fungal disease.
aphids- take sugars from plants.
non-communicable diseases: deficiency diseases- lack of mineral ions in the soil.
stunted growth- nitrate deficiency.
chlorosis- magnesium deficiency- magnesium ions needed to make chlorophyll.
what are the defence systems in a plant to try and stop organisms entering them?
cellulose walls.
tough, waxy cuticle on leaves.
layers of dead cells around the stem( bark on trees) which fall off and take pathogens with them.
what are the chemical defence systems?
antibacterial chemicals- mint and witch hazel.
poisons to deter herbivores- tobacco, foxgloves and deadly nighshade.
what are the mechanical defence systems?
thorns and hairs to deter animals from eating or touching them.
leaves that droop or curl when touched.
mimicry to trick animals into not eating them or laying eggs on the leaves eg: white deadnettle doesn’t sting but looks similar to the stinging nettle.
